UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA   PUBLICATIONS 

COLLEGE  OF  AGRICULTURE 

AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION 

BERKELEY,  CALIFORNIA 


CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY  COW 
COMPETITION,  1920-22 


BY 
F.  W.  WOLL 


Some  of  the  Trophies  awarded  in  the  Competition. 


BULLETIN  No.  351 

November,  1922 


UNIVERSITY   OF  CALIFORNIA   PRESS 

BERKELEY 

1922 


David  P.  Barrows,  President  of  the  University. 

EXPERIMENT  STATION  STAFF 

HEADS  OF  DIVISIONS 

Thomas  Forsyth  Hunt,  Dean. 

Edward  J.  Wickson,  Horticulture  (Emeritus). 

,  Director  of  Resident  Instruction. 

C.  M.  Haring,  Veterinary  Science,  Director  of  Agricultural  Experiment  Station. 

B.  H.  Crocheron,  Director  of  Agricultural  Extension. 

C.  B.  Hutchison,  Plant  Breeding,  Director  of  the  Branch  of  the  College  of  Agri- 

culture at  Davis. 
H.  J.  Webber,  Sub-tropical  Horticulture,  Director  of  Citrus  Experiment  Station. 
William  A.  Setchell,  Botany. 
Myfr  E.  Jaffa,  Nutrition. 
Ralph  E.  Smith,  Plant  Pathology. 
John  W.  Gilmore,  Agronomy. 
Charles  F.  Shaw,  Soil  Technology. 
John  W.  Gregg,  Landscape  Gardening  and  Floriculture. 
Frederic  T.  Bioletti,  Viticulture  and  Fruit  Products. 
Warren  T.  Clarke,  Agricultural  Extension. 
Ernest  B.  Babcock,  Genetics. 
Gordon  H.  True,  Animal  Husbandry. 
Walter  Mulford,  Forestry. 
James  T.  Barrett,  Plant  Pathology. 
Fritz  W.  Woll,  Animal  Nutrition. 
W.  P.  Kelley,  Agricultural  Chemistry. 
H.  J.  Quayle,  Entomology. 
Elwood  Mead,  Rural  Institutions. 
H.  S.  Reed,  Plant  Physiology. 
L.  D.  Batchelor,  Orchard  Management. 
W.  L.  Howard,  Pomology. 
*Frank  Adams,  Irrigation  Investigations. 

C.  L.  Roadhouse,  Dairy  Industry. 
R.  L.  Adams,  Farm  Management. 

W.  B.  Herms,  Entomology  and  Parasitology. 
John  E.  Dougherty,  Poultry  Husbandry. 

D.  R.  Hoagland,  Plant  Nutrition. 
G.  H.  Hart,  Veterinary  Science. 

L.  J.  Fletcher,  Agricultural  Engineering. 
Edwin  C.  Voorhies,  Assistant  to  the  Dean. 

DIVISION  OF  ANIMAL  HUSBANDRY 

Gordon  H.  True  Edwin  C.  Voorhies 

Frttz  W.  Woll  Carroll  E.  Howell 

Robert  F.  Miller  James  F.  Wilson 

Elmer  H.  Hughes  Walter  E.  Tomson 

W.  M.  Regan  R.  F.  Mead 


t  In  cooperation  with  Office  of  Public  Roads  and  Rural  Engineering,  U.  S.  Department  of 
Department  of  Agriculture. 


CALIFORNIA   STATE    DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION 

1920-1922 

By  F.  W.  WOLL 


CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Rules  governing  the  competition 188 

Prizes  offered 189 

List  of  contributors 189 

Entries  in  the  competition 191 

Records  of  production  obtained 193 

Discussion  of  results : 199 

Production  by  breeds 199 

Highest  production  records  by  breeds 201 

Average  production  of  cows  by  months 203 

Highest  producing  cow  for  each  month 205 

Cows  producing  over  100  pounds  of  butter  fat  per  month 206 

Award  of  prizes 208 

Prizes  for  herd  records 209 

Prizes  for  individual  records 209 

Prizes  for  monthly  production  by  grade  cows 211 

Cow-Testing  association  prizes 211 

Miscellaneous  prizes 214 

Methods  of  feeding  and  handling  prize-winning  cows 217 

Decrease  in  production  during  lactation  period 222 

General  discussion 225 

Appendix 227 

Complete  list  of  ten-month  records 227 

Award  of  prizes  in  the  competition 240 

The  competition  of  which  an  account  is  given  in  this  bulletin  was 
similar  in  general  scope  and  plan  to  that  conducted  during  1916-18. 1 
Like  the  latter  it  was  conducted  as  a  phase  of  the  educational  work 
of  the  College  of  Agriculture  for  the  improvement  of  the  dairy  herds 
of  the  state,  and  was  carried  on  in  connection  with  the  official  dairy 
tests  and  the  cow-testing  association  work  in  the  state.  The  plan  of 
conducting  a  second  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition  was  indorsed  by 
dairy  farmers  from  all  parts  of  the  state  in  attendance  at  the  Univer- 
sity Farm  during  Stockmen's  Week  in  February,  1920,  and  the 
rules  governing  the  competition  were  adopted  during  the  following 


i  See  Bulletin  No.  301,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1916-18,  by 
F.  W.  Woll,  November,  1918,  pp.  155-204. 


188  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

month,  at  a  conference  of  representative  dairymen  and  breeders  of 
dairy  cattle  meeting  with  members  of  the  staff  of  the  Division  of 
Animal  Husbandry  of  the  College  of  Agriculture.  The  public, 
announcement  of  the  new  competition  was  made  in  a  special  circular 
of  the  College2  and  in  the  agricultural  and  dairy  press  during  the 
summer  of  1920. 

The  plan  decided  upon  provided  for  beginning  the  competition  on 
September  1,  1920,  and  closing  it  on  January  31,  1922,  a  total  period 
of  seventeen  months,  with  entries  to  close  on  April  1,  1921.  The  only 
important  difference  between  this  and  the  first  competition  was  that 
greater  emphasis  was  placed  in  this  competition  on  production  records 
by  grade  and  common  dairy  cows  or  herds,  through  more  liberal  and 
numerous  prizes  for  groups  of  cows  and  single  cows  in  such  herds, 
which  include  over  97  per  cent  of  the  dairy  cows  of  the  state.  This 
was  done  with  a  view  to  securing  as  large  a  participation  as  possible 
on  the  part  of  owners  of  such  herds.  The  educational  value  of  a  com- 
petition of  this  kind  to  the  large  majority  of  our  dairy  farmers  own- 
ing grade  or  common  cows  is  readily  seen.  They  are,  as  a  general 
rule,  behind  owners  of  pure-bred  stock  in  their  methods  of  dairying 
and  relatively  few  appreciate  the  very  great  difference  in  the  capacity 
of  different  cows  for  dairy  production,  or  the  possibilities  of  increas- 
ing the  production  and  returns  from  a  dairy  that  may  be  reached 
through  the  adoption  of  modern  methods  of  feeding,  breeding  and 
management.  On  account  of  their  large  numbers  even  a  slight  im- 
provement in  grade  and  common  dairy  herds  will  in  the  aggregate 
prove  of  great  importance  and  lead  to  a  marked  advancement  of  the 
dairy  industry  of  this  state. 

In  our  efforts  to  secure  a  large  representation  of  common  dairy 
herds  in  the  competition  we  were  fortunate  in  having  the  active 
cooperation  and  support  of  the  officers  and  testers  of  the  various  cow- 
testing  associations  that  have  now  been  organized  in  most  of  the  dairy 
sections  of  the  state.  Of  the  twenty  cow-testing  associations  in"  oper- 
ation during  the  past  two  years,  thirteen  were  represented  by  entries 
of  from  one  to  seventeen  different  herds. 

Rules  Governing  the  Competition. — The  rules  governing  the  com- 
petition are  given  in  the  circular  referred  to.  They  were  in  the  main 
those  adopted  for  the  conduct  of  Advanced-Registry  tests  of  dairy 
cows.3     The  record  period  decided  upon  for  cows  in  the  competition 


2  Announcement  of  the  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22,  by 
F.  W.  Woll  and  Paul  I.  Dougherty,  July,  1920,  8  pp. 

3  Advanced-Eegistry   Testing   of   Dairy    Cows,   by   F.    W.    Woll   and    Paul   I. 
Dougherty,  Circular  218,  April,  1920,  15  pp. 


Bulletin  351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION  189 

was  ten  months  (305  days),  which  is  about  the  average  normal  lac- 
tation period  of  dairy  cows.  The  reasons  for  adopting  this  period 
instead  of  one  for  a  full  year  were  stated  in  connection  with  the 
announcement  of  the  first  competition  and  need  not  be  repeated  here. 
Since  ten-month  records  were  first  introduced  in  this  country  in  the 
competition  of  1916-18,  they  have  been  adopted  as  a  prize  division 
by  our  main  dairy  breed  associations  and  bid  fair  in  time  to  largely 
replace  yearly  records,  at  least  in  interest  and  importance  to  most 
breeders  of  dairy  cattle.  The  production  by  the  cows  for  each  month 
was  determined  on  the  basis  of  tests  of  one  or  two  days '  duration,  one 
day  for  grade  or  common  cows,  two  days  for  pure-breds,  in  accordance 
with  the  rules  of  the  various  breed  associations.  The  milk  records  were 
furnished  by  the  officials  of  the  cow-testing  associations  or  by  the 
owners  and  were  checked  up  in  various  ways.  The  accumulated 
credits  for  ten  consecutive  months  constitute  the  records  of  produc- 
tion of  milk  and  butterfat  considered  in  the  competition. 

Prizes  Offered. — In  order  to  make  the  competition  of  special  inter- 
est to  dairy  farmers  and  to  secure  a  large  participation,  numerous 
prizes  for  high  records  of  production  were  provided.  This  was  made 
possible  through  the  liberality  of  breeders  and  others  interested  in 
the  advancement  of  California  dairying,  who  subscribed  to  a  large 
prize  fund  or  donated  cash  or  special  prizes  of  pure-bred  bull  calves, 
dairy  apparatus  or  trophies.  The  value  of  all  prizes  offered  amounted 
to  about  $5000. 

List  of  Contributors. — The  following  list  gives  the  names  of  the 
contributors  to  the  special  prize  fund  and  donors  of  special  prizes : 

(A)  Special  Prise  Fund. — Alexander  &  Kellogg,  Suisun;  Anita  M.  Baldwin, 
Santa  Anita;  Balfour,  Guthrie  &  Co.,  San  Francisco;  Burr  Creamery  Co.,  Los 
Angeles;  "  Calf  -Way ' '  Milker  Co.,  Berkeley;  California  Sales  and  Pedigree  Co., 
Sacramento;  California  Central  Creameries,  San  Francisco;  California  Jersey 
Breeders'  Association,  Berkeley;  California  Holstein  Breeders'  Association,  Sac- 
ramento; J.  W.  Coppini,  Ferndale;  Geo.  H.  Croley  Co.,  Inc.,  San  Francisco;  De 
Laval  Dairy  Supply  Co.,  San  Francisco;  De  Laval  Separator  Co.,  New  York  City; 
Empire  Cream  Separator  Co.,  San  Francisco;  Globe  Grain  and  Milling  Company, 
Los  Angeles;  Great  Western  Milling  Company,  Los  Angeles;  Hollow-Hill  Farm, 
Colton;  International  Harvester  Co.,  San  Francisco;  Los  Angeles  Creamery,  Los 
Angeles;  Jordan-Hill  Co.,  Oakland;  Larrowe  Milling  Co.,  Los  Angeles;  J.  Henry 
Meyer  Estate,  Watsonville;  Millbrae  Dairy,  Mills  Bldg.,  San  Francisco;  A.  W. 
Morris  &  Sons  Corporation,  Woodland ;  Sharpies  Separator  Co.,  San  Francisco ; 
Sperry  Flour  Co.,  San  Francisco;  F.  Stenzel,  San  Leandro;  Toyon  Farm  Associa- 
tion, San  Jose;  Western  Creameries  Co.,  San  Francisco;  W.  H.  Young  Co.,  San 
Francisco 

(B)  Special  Prizes. — Cash  prizes:  "California  Cultivator,"  Los  Angeles; 
Humboldt  County  Dairy  Farmers'  Association,  Ferndale. 


190 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


Pure-bred  bull  calves  or  dairy  apparatus:  Bridgford  Holstein  Co.,  Patterson; 
Dr.  H.  G.  Gross,  Eureka;  A.  B.  Humphrey,  Escalon;  Creamery  Package  Manu- 
facturing Co.,  San  Francisco. 

Silver  trophies:  Alexander  &  Kellogg,  Suisun;  American  Jersey  Cattle  Club, 
New  York  City;  American  Guernsey  Cattle  Club,  Peterboro,  N.  H.;  Ayrshire 
Breeders'  Association,  Brandon,  Vermont;  California  Dairy  Council,  San  Fran- 
cisco; De  Laval  Dairy  Supply  Co.,  San  Francisco;  Holstein-Friesian  Association 
of  America,  Brattleboro,  Vermont;  "Pacific  Dairy  Eeview, "  San  Francisco; 
Country  Life  Department  of  the  "Sacramento  Bee,"  Sacramento;  A.  W.  Scott 
Co.,  San  Francisco. 


Fig.  1. — Princess  Maida  Veeman,  467343,  Holstein;  owned  by  Earl  Graham, 
Compton.  Winner  of  American  Holstein-Friesian  Association  trophy  for  highest 
production  of  butter  fat  by  a  registered  Holstein  cow  and  of  A.  W.  Scott  Co. 
trophy  for  highest  production  of  milk  by  a  cow,  irrespective  of  her  breeding: 
26119  lbs.  milk,  798.15  lbs.  butter  fat,  av.  test,  3.06  per  cent,  at  3  yrs.  5  mos.  old 
(credit,  941.82  lbs.  butter  fat). 


Seventy  different  prizes  were  offered,  of  which  all  but  a  series  of 
seventeen  monthly  prizes  were  awarded  at  the  close  of  the  competition 
for  ten-months'  records  of  production  of  butter  fat  (or  milk  in  one 
case).  The  monthly  prizes  were  awarded  during  the  progress  of  the 
competition  for  the  highest  average  production  of  five  grade  cows 
during  each  month.  The  detailed  list  of  prizes  will  be  found  in  the 
Appendix  in  connection  with  the  awards. 

The  work  of  cow-testing  associations  was  recognized  by  the  award 
of  three  trophies  for  the  largest  average  production  of  herds  of  differ- 


BULLETIN   351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY    COW   COMPETITION  191 

'  Ytl 
ent  sizes.  Association  records  for  a  full  testing  year  were  considered 
in  the  award  of  these  prizes.  All  other  tests  were  conducted  by  regular 
supervisors  of  dairy  tests  employed  by  the  College  in  connection  with 
advanced-registry  testing  or  by  testers  in  charge  of  cow-testing  asso- 
ciations, under  similar  rules  as  those  governing  the  advanced-registry 
tests,  except  that  the  monthly  tests,  as  a  rule,  were  for  one  day  only 
in  the  case  of  grade  cows  or  herds. 

Entries  in  the  Competition. — Entries  in  the  competition  were  open 
to  owners  of  all  kinds  of  cows  in  the  state,  pure-breds,  grades  and  com- 
mon cows.     The  competition  opened  on  September  1,  1920,  with  an 


Fig.  2. — Jim's  Wonder,  grade  Jersey;  owned  by  H.  L.  Wakeham,  Santa  Ana. 
Winner  of  second  prize  for  production  of  butter  fat  by  a  grade  cow,  16939  lbs. 
milk,  795.53  lbs.  butter  fat,  av.  test,  4.70  per  cent,  at  5  yrs.  7  mos.  old.  The 
highest  producing  grade  cow  in  the  competition. 

enrollment  of  sixty-seven  cows.  Month  by  month  an  increasing  num- 
ber of  cows  was  entered  until  by  the  time  the  entries  closed  on  April  1, 
1921,  the  number  had  reached  1334.  Of  this  number  537  cows  were 
in  herds  belonging  to  cow-testing  associations  entered  in  competition 
for  the  special  prizes  provided  for  such  herds,  and  797  cows  were 
entered  in  competition  for  ten-month  and,  incidentally,  for  monthly 
records.  Of  the  total  number  of  cows  entered  285  were  pure-breds 
and  1049  were  grade  or  common  cows.  All  herds  competing  for  cow- 
testing  association  prizes  were  located  in  Humboldt  County,  while 
the  cows  or  herds  entered  for  ten-month  records  were  scattered  all 


192 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


over  the  state  in  twenty-one  different  counties,  from  Del  Norte  and 
Humboldt  counties  in  the  north  to  San  Diego  and  Imperial  counties 
in  the  south,  and  represented  greatly  differing  types  of  dairy  farming. 
Seventy-one  different  breeders  entered  their  cows  in  the  competi- 
tion, but  a  number  found  it  necessary  to  withdraw  during  its  prog- 
ress, for  a  variety  of  causes  more  or  less  unexpected  at  the  beginning, 
such  as  labor  shortage,  business  changes,  feed  conditions,  etc.  Five 
hundred  and  ninety-six  cows  owned  by  54  different  breeder^  completed 


Fig.  3.— Cynthia  of  Butler  Valley,  309344,  Jersey;  owned  by  H.  G.  Gross, 
Eureka.  Production:  12027  lbs.  milk,  618.65  lbs.  butter  fat,  av.  test,  5.14  per  cent, 
at  7  yrs.  8  mos.  old;  dam  of  Cynthia's  Ealeigh  Girl,  449974.     (See  Fig.  4.) 


ten-month  records,  and  yearly  records  for  627  cows  in  18  different 
herds  were  obtained  through  the  cooperation  of  cow-testing  associa- 
tions. Allowing  for  duplications,  records  of  production  for  1047  cows 
in  61  different  herds  were  thus  obtained  for  periods  of  ten  months  or 
for  one  year,  which  formed  the  basis  upon  which  the  awards  of  prizes 
offered  in  the  competition  were  made.  Table  I  shows  the  distribution 
of  these  cows  among  the  different  breeds  and  grades,  and  their  owners. 
It  will  be  noted  that  the  pure-breds  were  represented  by  the  follow- 
ing numbers  of  cows:  Holsteins,  99;  Jerseys,  80;  Guernseys  and  Short- 
horns, 14  each;  and  Ayrshires,  6.  Among  the  grades  the  Jerseys 
greatly  predominated,  numbering  606  cows,  against  170  grade  Hol- 
steins, 63  grade  Guernseys,  21  grade  Shorthorns,  1  grade  Ayrshire, 


BULLETIN  351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION  193 

and  130  mixed  grades  or  so-called  common  or  scrub  cows.  Two  hun- 
dred and  three  pure-bred  cows  and  844  grade  or  common  cows  com- 
pleted the  competition  record  periods,  a  total  of  1047  cows.  The 
sixty-one  owners  of  these  cows  were  located  as  follows :  Humboldt 
Co.,  21  herds;  Los  Angeles  Co.,  12;  Stanislaus,  8;  San  Joaquin,  4; 
Yolo,  3 ;  Sonoma  and  Imperial,  2  each ;  with  single  representatives  in 
the  following  counties :  Sutter,  Napa,  Contra  Costa,  Santa  Clara,  Santa 
Cruz,  Ventura,  Orange,  Riverside,  San  Diego. 


Fig.  4. — Cynthia's  Raleigh  Girl,  449974,  Jersey;  owned  by  H.  G.  Gross,  Eureka. 
Production,  9199  lbs.  milk,  509.06  lbs.  fat;  av.  test,  5.53  per  cent,  at  5  yrs.  7  mos. 
old. 

In  the  competition  of  1916-18  complete  records  of  production  were 
secured  for  608  cows  in  34  different  herds.  There  was,  therefore, 
an  increase  of  439  in  the  number  of  records  obtained  and  of  27  in 
the  number  of  dairymen  participating  "in  this  competition  as  compared 
with  the  previous  one  (72  and  79  per  cent,  respectively). 

Records  of  Production. — The  list  of  completed  ten-month  records 
obtained  in  the  competition,  arranged  alphabetically  according  to  the 
owners  of  the  cows,  is  given  in  the  Appendix.  Table  II  shows  the 
figures  for  the  number  of  complete  records  in  each  herd,  the  ranges 
in  production  of  milk  and  of  butter  fat,  with  highest  butter  fat  pro- 
duction (actual  and  credited)  for  all  cows  not  barred  through  their 


194 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


Table  I. — Cows  Participating  in  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22 

A. — Cows  Completing  Ten-Month  Records 


Owner's  Address 

County 

Pure-breds 

Grades 

Total 

II 

J. 

G. 

Sh 

Ay 

J. 

H. 

G. 

Sh 

Ay 

Mix 

PB 
11 

Gr. 

Adohr  Stock  Farm,  Van  Nuys 

Los  Angeles  .. 
Los  Angeles  .. 

11 

43 

43 

40 

Arden  Certified  Dairy,  El  Monte 

40 

Anita  M.  Baldwin,  Santa  Anita 

Los  Angeles  .. 
Yolo 

8 
9 
3 

8 
9 
3 

Dean  Beeman,  Woodland 

Berylwood  Stock  Farm,  Hueneme 

Ventura 

Eugene  Biondini,  Ferndale,  

Humboldt 

V2 

12 

Bonnikson  Bros.,  Ferndale 

Humboldt 

5 

5 
1 
12 
5 

1 
8 
1 
10 

N.  L.  Browning,  Hemet 

Riverside 

Los  Angeles  .. 
Contra  Costa 

1 

12 
5 

Burr  Farm,  Los  Angeles 

J.  M.  Christen,  Pacheco 

14 
2 

2 

1 

10 

15 

M.  P.  Christensen,  Norwalk 

Los  Angeles  .. 
Stanislaus 

1 

D.  F.  Conant,  Modesto 

8 

1 

10 

Marguerite  Conant,  Modesto 

Stanislaus 

J.  W.  Coppini,  Ferndale 

Humboldt 

1 
15 

1 

S.  J.  Damon,  Ferndale 

Humboldt 

15 

R.  H.  Davis,  Modesto 

Stanislaus 

Sutter 

3 
9 

3 
9 

3 

W.  F.  Early,  Grizzly  Bluff 

18 

6 

24 

M.  J.  &  B.  A.  Edwards,  Ripon 

San  Joaquin.. 
Los  Angeles  .. 

3 

El  Mirador  Dairy,  Pasadena 

2 
9 

9 
1 

11 

C.  E.  Fisher,  Hughson 

Stanislaus 

3 

1 
2 

13 

N.  Fortini,  Orland 

Glenn 

2 

Sonoma 

1 

9 

1 

10 

Gambonini  &  Bolla,  Petaluma 

Sonoma 

1 

2 

15 

5 
13 

15 

Los  Angeles  .. 

Humboldt 

Humboldt 

5 

4 

17 

2 

23 

H.  G.  Gross,  Eureka 

13 

15 

15 

Los  Angeles  .. 

17 

17 

7 

13 

1 

3 

17 

C.  D.  Hayworth,  Modesto 

7 

San  Joaquin.. 

5 

5 

San  Joaquin.. 
Humboldt 

2 

2 

10 

3 
19 

2 

15 

Los  Angeles... 
Santa  Clara  .. 

4 

4 
5 
4 

1 
5 
5 

19 

5 

Guy  H.  Miller,  Modesto 

Stanislaus 

4 

C.  L.  Mitchel,  El  Monte  .. 

1 

4 

5 

1 
5 
5 

7 

7 

Palo  Alto  Stock  Farm,  Palo  Alto 

Santa  Clara  .. 
Los  Angeles  .. 
Humboldt 

F.  F.  Pellissier,  Whittier 

27 

27 

11 

11 

Stanislaus 

8 

8 

14 

1 

Yolo 

14 

1 

12 

2 

1 

15 

San  Joaquin.. 
Yolo 

2 

2 
2 

1 

1 

5 
3 

1 
1 
3 

1 

6 

R'  H.  Walrath,  ElCentro.... 

1 

2 

9 

G.  W.  Walter,  El  Monte 

3 

4 

1 

3 

imperial 

4 

1 

58 1 

1 
134 

1 

99 

14 

14 

6 

162 

48 

8 

1 

Totals 

1 

41    |1Q1 

394 

BULLETIN  351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY    COW   COMPETITION  195 

B. — Herds  Competing  for  Cow-Testing  Association  Prizes 


Owner's  Address 

County 

Pure- 
bred 

Jerseys 

Grades 

Total 

J. 

H. 

G. 

Sh. 

Mixed 
and  C. 

PB. 

Gr. 

Humboldt 

7 

21 

7 

21 

24 

24 

3.  J.  W.  Coppini,  Ferndale 

Humboldt 

10 

1 
51 

9 
20 
52 

10 

1 

51 

Humboldt 

3 

3 

9 

20 

7.  J.  D.  Early,  Grizzly  Bluff 

20 
45 

72 

45 

9.  Giacomini  &  Pedrotti, 

39 
103 
16 
11 
32 
10 
7 

1 

5 

9 

54 

103 

1 
2 
2 

1 

3 

2 

20 

2 

2 

17 

1 
9 

37 

14.  S.  B.  Morrison,  Ferndale 

2 

22 

15.  W.  P.  Neuhaus,  Grizzly  Bluff 

Humboldt 

Humboldt 

2 
44 

2 

7 

16.   M.  L.  Pontoni,  Areata  . 

44 

17.   W.  Terkelsen,  Ferndale 

49 

7 

1 

1 

51 

18.  Wilbur  West,  Waddington.... 

7 

Totals 

22 

80* 

472 
606 

8 
170 

15 
63 

13 

21 

97 
138 

22 
213 
203 

605 

Grand  Totals 

999 

844 

*Plus  99  pure-bred  H.,  14  pure-bred  G.,  14  pure-bred  Sh.,  6  pure-bred  Ayr.,  and  1  Gr.  Ayr. 

breeding  records  (see  below).  The  explanation  of  the  two  sets  of 
figures  for  production  of  butter  fat  is  as  follows :  Cows  under  five  years 
old  were  given  credit  for  the  increase  of  production  that  would  nor- 
mally come  with  advancing  age  up  to  five  years,  in  accordance  with 
the  average  results  obtained  in  authenticated  yearly  tests  of  pure- 
bred cows  of  different  breeds,  as  follows :  Records  made  by  heifers 
under  2%  years  at  the  beginning  of  the  test  were  increased  by  30  per 
cent,  those  for  heifers  2y2  to  3  years  old  by  24  per  cent,  for  cows 

3  to  314  years  old  by  18  per  cent,  3!/2  to  4  years  old  by  15  per  cent, 

4  to  4%  by  8  per  cent,  and  4%  to  5  years  by  5  per  cent. 

Under  the  rules  governing  the  competition,  cows  not  safely  bred 
within  five  months  from  last  calving  were  barred  from  competing  for 
all  prizes  except  those  awarded  for  monthly  records  and  the  trophies 
offered  by  the  various  dairy  breed  associations.  A  considerable  num- 
ber of  cows  were  not  with  calf  within  the  time  limit  set  and  could  not 
therefore  be  considered  in  the  award  of  most  of  the  prizes  offered.  As 
might  be  expected,  a  higher  percentage  of  heavy  yielding  cows  than  of 
low  producers  was  barred  for  this  reason,  and  the  percentage  of  barred 
pure-bred  cows  was  likewise  higher  than  that  of  common  or  grade 


196 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


cows,  but  most  of  the  herds  represented  had  at  least  one  or  two  cows 
that  came  under  the  ban  on  account  of  delayed  breeding.  Thirty-one 
per  cent  of  the  pure-bred  cows  completing  the  record  period  were  not 
bred  within  five  months  after  calving,  and  17  per  cent  of  the  grades, 
or  21.5  per  cent  of  the  total  number  of  cows. 

Table  II. — Complete  Ten-Month  Records 


Owner 

Total 
No.  of 
Records 

Ranges  in 

Production 

Highest  Fat 
Production  by  a 
Cow  Not  Barred 

Milk, 

Lbs. 

Butter  Fat,  Lbs. 

Actual 

Credit 

54 

40 

8 

9 

3 

12 

5 

1 

12 

19 

15 

1 

8 

1 

11 

15 

3 

9 

24 

3 

11 

13 

2 

10 

2 

15 

28 

13 

15 

17 

17 

7 

5 

2 

15 

23 

5 

4 

5 

8 

5 

32 

11 

8 

14 

1 

15 

2 

3 

6 

9 

3 

4 

2 

Max. 
11903 
14708 
20198 
21886 
19313 
11735 
11504 
18186 
21579 
10579 
12105 
20171 
12492 

7481 
11585 

9285 
13385 
19171 
12245 
20839 
16302 
12445 

8770 
12513 
11197 
12899 
26119 
12027 

9143 
23544 
12887 

8834H 

981712 
11456 
11133 
19431 
12175 

8326 
10930 
18876 
25106U 
19784 
11939 
10905 
1055319 
23587 
1083221 

8126 
15650 
16939 
13198 
12245 
16385 

9534 

Min. 
3800 
4902 

10050 
9585 

16851 
7437 
6107 

Max. 
539.7 
647.8 
682.5 
643.5 
638.9 
612.7 
689.9 
655.0 
681.4 
420.7 
492.4* 
668.9 
661.6 
411.4 
652.3 
422.0 
453.18 
560.9 
571.5 
687.7 
662.6 
497.2 
518.8 
534.5 
407.5 
660.5 
798.2 
618.7 
514.9 
777.6 
612.89 
445.211 
398.212 
587.7 
577.5 
777.0 
487.1 
476.8 
430.1 
666.1 
788.5 
666.6 
659.1 
597.2 
416.619 
753.8 
530.123 
484.2 
535.1 
795.5 
492.5 
423.7 
502.7 
486.1 

Min. 
230.7 
213.li 
371.0 
322.2 
617.3 
383.62 
357.4 

539.7 

647.8 
620.9 
643.5 
635.3 
612.7 

539.7 

647.8 

769.9 

643.5 

730.6 

612.7 

655.0 
658.2 
420.7 
492.4 
668.9 
394.5 

707.4 

13361 
6214 
7619 

405.9 
206 .  53 
321.25 

658.2 

J.  M.  Christen 

483.8 

492.4 

668.9 

D.  F.  Conant 

3660 

210.1 

394.5 

5187 
5239 

11860 

11391 
4844 

12642 
7743 
4293 
7315 
8229 
9902 
7140 
9859? 
5405 
52828 

15061io 
53592 
60315 
70851° 
722113 
7381 
8201 
744315 
5262 
6798io 

12090 

1394916 
8953 
8314 
5427 
357120 

285.6 

299.2 

431.90 

401.5 

3 16-.  9 

421.8 

335.6 

243.3 

349.9 

361.9 

389.3 

368. 96 

366.27 

269.0 

321. 99 

394.0io 

295. 52 

286.95 

283 .  8io 

379.713 

366.28 

314.0" 

284.0 

344.1 

301.11° 

405.9 

511.216 

312.1" 

414.818 

336.0 

131.520 

652.3 

422.0 

453.18 

560.9 

571.5 

687.7 

662.6 

497.2 

518.8 

534.5 

407.5 

660.5 

754.0 

618.7 

514.9 

777.6 

612.8 

445.2 

398.2 

587.7 

518.4 

644.6 

487.1 

476.8 

430.1 

666.1 

721.0 

629.5 

659.1 

597.2 

416.6 

652.3 

422.0 

R.  H.  Davis 

534.75* 

560.9 

W.  T.  Early    

571.5 

M.  J.  &  B.  A.  Edwards 

687.7 

662.6 

C.  E.  Fisher..                

586.7 

560.3 

534.5 

468.6 

660.5 

754.0 

H.  G.  Gross 

618.7 

514.9 

839.8 

612.8 

C.  D.  Hayworth 

286.9 

C.  F.  Holman 

298.2 

675.9 

518.4 

799.3 

487.1 

Guy  H.  Miller 

476.8 

C.  L.  Mitchel 

430.1 

666.1 

778.7 

F.  F.  Pellissier      .             

629.5 

659.1 

H.  F.  Richards  ...                

597.2 

449.9 

W.  Terkelsen                        

606722 
6638 
9402 
810924 
681426 
655212 
1253227 
8995 

358.222 
304.6 
310.0 
439.725 

310.026 

330.3 
422 .  027 
470.0 

530.1 

484.2 
534.9 
795.5 
646.1 
423.7 
502.7 
486.1 

530.1 

J   E.  Thorpe  ...                        

484.2 

534.9 

795.5 

R.  H.  Walrath  .  .                 

646.1 

G.  W.  Walter 

423.7 

542.9 

486.1 

585 

26119 

3660 

798.2 

210.1 

795.5 

839.8 

1  256  days.  2  245  days.  3  250  days.  *  302  days.  5  241  days.  «  290  days.  7  214  days.  8  237  days. 

9  274  days.  i°  243  days.  »  272  days.  12  273  days.  13  303  days.  "  240  days.  «  277  days.  i«  191  days. 

«  242  days,  is  276  days.  »  283  days.  20  216  days.  21  299  days.  22  300  days.  23  293  days.  24  275  days. 
25  285  days.  26  219  days.  2?  259  days. 


Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA   STATE   DAIRY    COW    COMPETITION 


197 


Another  restriction  to  the  award  of  prizes  was  imposed  in  the  case 
of  pure-breds,  viz.,  that  they  must  produce  at  least  350  pounds  of 
butter  fat  during  the  ten-month  record  period.  This  barred  others 
but  not  many, — about  30  out  of  all  the  pure-breds  for  which  complete 
records  were  obtained. 

The  period  for  entering  cows  in  the  competition  extended  from 
September  1,  1920,  to  April  1,  1921.  Cows  were  entered  after  they 
freshened  during  this  time  at  the  option  of  the  owner  and  records 
of  production  were,  therefore,  completed  and  published  from  month 
to  month  from  July,  1921,  on. 


Table  III. — Range  in  Production  of  Milk  and  Butterfat 


Pounds  Milk 


Over  24,000... 

20,000-24,000 

16,000-20,000 

12,000-16,000 

10,000-12,000 

8,000-10,000 

6,000-  8,000 

4,500-  6,000 

Under  4,500.. 

,  Total 


No. 
Cows 

In  Per 

Cent 

2 

.3 

17 

2.9 

46 

7.9 

93 

15.9 

96 

16.4 

167 

28.5 

120 

20.5 

38 

6.5 

6 

1.0 

585 

100.0 

Pounds  Butter  Fat 


Over  700... 

600-700 

500-600 

400-500 

300-400 

200-300 

Under  200 

Total... 


No. 
Cows 


12 

43 

110 

201 

166 

47 

6 


585 


In  Per 

Cent 


2.0 

7.4 
18.8 
34.4 

28.4 
8.0  ' 

i.oj 


100.0 


A  wide  difference  in  the  production  of  the  different  cows  occurred. 
This  will  be  readily  seen  from  Table  III  that  gives  the  ranges  in 
production  of  milk  and  butter  fat  by  the  competition  cows.  The 
records  were  separated  into  groups  of  over  24,000  pounds  to  below 
4500  pounds  of  milk  and  of  over  900  pounds  to  below  200  pounds 
of  butter  fat.  The  lowest  ten-month  milk  record  of  a  single  cow  was 
3660  pounds  and  the  highest,  26,119  pounds  (a  ratio  of  1:7).  The 
lowest  production  of  butter  fat  was  210.09  pounds  and  the  highest 
798.15  pounds  (a  ratio  of  1:3.8). 

A  study  of  the  records  of  production  obtained  in  the  competition 
will  show  at  once  that  most  of  these  are  remarkably  high.  In  fact,  the 
statement  made  in  connection  with  the  competition  of  1916-18,  that 
never  in  the  history  of  our  dairy  industry  have  so  many  high  pro- 
duction records  been  secured  in  a  breed  contest  or  a  dairy  competition 
of  any  kind,  holds  good  to  a  still  greater  extent  for  the  present  com- 
petition. Seventy-two  per  cent  of  the  records  came  above  8000  pounds 
of  milk  and  63  per  cent  came  above  400  pounds  of  butter  fat ;  27  and 


198 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


28  per  cent  came  above  10,000  pounds  of  milk  and  500  pounds  of 
butter  fat,  respectively.  In  37  out  of  54  competing  herds  there  was 
at  least  one  cow,  and  in  most  of  them  there  were  several  that  produced 
over  500  pounds  of  butter  fat  during  ten  months.  Even  with  liberal 
grain  feeding  throughout  the  year,  the  cost  of  the  feed  eaten  by  a  cow 
capable  of  producing  500  pounds  of  butter  fat  or  more  during  a 
normal  lactation  period  would  not  exceed  $130  at  present  prices, 
leaving  a  balance  of  $100  (plus  the  value  of  the  calf)  to  pay  for  labor 
and  other  expenses  and  to  yield  a  net  profit.     The  calf  from  a  pure- 


Fig.  5. — Miss  Aaggie  Ormsby  Segis,  442877,  Holstein;  owned  by  Fred  Hart- 
sook,  Lankershim,  winner  of  second  prize  for  production  of  butter  fat  by  a  Holstein 
cow:  22072  lbs.  milk,  644.86  lbs.  butter  fat;  av.  test,  2.92  per  cent,  at  2  yrs.  8  mos. 
old.     (Credit,  799.63  lbs.  butter  fat.)     World's  record  cow  for  milk  in  305  days. 


bred  cow  of  this  kind  would,  of  course,  be  worth  much  more  than  one 
from  a  grade,  but  in  either  case  there  would  be  likely  to  be  a  handsome 
profit  from  cows  of  the  productive  capacity  given.  Contrary  to  the 
opinion  of  many  dairymen,  high  producing  cows  are  the  most  econom- 
ical producers  and  yield  the  highest  net  returns  on  the  investment  in 
cows  and  dairy  equipment,  if  sound  business  principles  govern  the 
building  up  and  management  of  the  dairy. 

The  average  production  for  all  cows  for  which  ten-month  records 
were  obtained  was  as  follows:  10,456  pounds  of  milk  and  442.74 
pounds  of  butter  fat  (average  test,  4.23  per  cent).  This  is  almost 
three  times  the  production  of  the  average  dairy  cow  in  the  state,  and 
the  maximum  production  of  butter  fat  by  a  cow  in  the  competition, 


Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION 


199 


798.15  pounds  (equivalent  to  over  930  pounds  of  commercial  butter), 
is  nearly  five  times  that  of  the  cows  commonly  found  in  our  dairy 
herds.  All  cows  completing  the  full  record  period  in  the  competition 
produced  considerably  more  butter  fat  in  ten  months  than  the  average 
annual  production  per  cow  for  the  state. 

DISCUSSION    OF    RESULTS 

Production  by  Breeds. — The  production  by  cows  of  the  different 
breeds  for  the  record  period  has  been  compiled,  with  results  as  shown 
in  Table  IV.  The  average  amount  of  milk  and  butter  fat,  and  the 
average  fat  content  of  the  milk  produced  by  the  cows  are  given  in 
the  table,  both  for  pure-breds  and  for  grades  of  the  different  breeds. 


Table  IV. — Average  Production  of  Cows  of  Different  Breeds 


No.  of 
Cows 


Milk, 
Pounds 


Butter  Fat 


Per  Cent 


Pounds 


Pure-breds 

Holstein 

Jersey 

Guernsey 

Shorthorn 

Ayrshire 

Average 

Grades  and  "Common"  Cows 

Holstein 

Jersey 

Guernsey 

Mixed  grades  and  Common  Cows 

Shorthorn 

Ayrshire 

Average 


96 
61 
14 
14 
6 


191 


161 
133 

48 
43 


1 


394 


16324 
7921 
7328 
5833 
9701 


12004 


11139 

8673 

7963 

9363 

10127 

11197 


9706 


3.31 
5.53 
5.22 

3.82 
3.89 


3.90 


3.87 
5.08 
4.59 
4.90 
4.47 
3.64 


4.44 


540.72 
438.03 
382.62 
222.64 

377.28 


467.71 


430.44 
440.20 
375.97 
459.07 
464.94 
407.46 


430.64 


It  will  be  seen  that  the  pure-bred  Holsteins  had  the  highest  average 
production  of  milk  and  butter  fat,  viz.,  16,324  pounds  of  milk  and 
540.72  pounds  of  butter  fat.  The  grade  Shorthorns  (8  cows  only) 
ranked  next  in  average  production  of  butter  fat,  viz.,  464.94  pounds. 
Other  grades  or  breeds  ranked  in  the  following  order :  Mixed  grade  or 
common  cows,  grade  Jerseys,  pure-bred  Jerseys,  grade  Holsteins, 
grade  Ayrshire  (one  cow  only),  pure-bred  Guernseys,  pure-bred  Ayr- 
shires,  grade  Guernseys,  and  pure-bred  Shorthorns. 


200 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


By  comparing  the  average  production  of  pure-bred  cows  and  of 
grades  of  the  same  breed,  it  will  be  noted  that  with  the  exception  of 
the  Holsteins  whose  pure-bred  representatives  produced  over  110 
pounds  more  butter  fat  than  the  grades,  and  the  Shorthorns,  where 
there  was  a  difference  of  over  240  pounds  in  favor  of  the  grades,  there 
is  no  marked  difference  in  the  production  of  butter  fat  by  the  pure- 
breds  and  the  grades  of  the  various  breeds.  The  average  butter  fat 
production  for  all  pure-bred  cows  in  the  competition  was  467.71 
pounds,  or  37  pounds  higher  than  that  for  the  grades.  This  indicates 
that  the  owners  of  the  latter  dairy  cows  were  exceptionally  good  dairy- 


Fig.  6. — Financial  C's  Loretta  D.,  304891,  Jersey;  owned  by  Bonnikson  Bros., 
Ferndale.  Winner  of  American  Jersey  Cattle  Club 's  trophy  for  highest  production 
of  butter  fat  by  a  registered  Jersey  cow  in  10  mos.,  11504  lbs.  milk,  689.97  lbs. 
butter  fat,  av.  test,  6.00  per  cent  at  8  yrs.  5  mos.  old. 


men  since  they  have  been  able  to  gradually  raise  the  standard  of  pro- 
duction by  their  cows  far  above  that  reached  by  common  dairy  cows, 
through  go  d  methods  of  feeding  and  management,  including  in  most 
cases  the  u  j  of  a  pure-bred  sire  at  the  head  of  the  herd.  The  average 
production  A  the  grades  is  more  than  one  and  one-half  (169  per  cent) 
higher  than  that  of  the  average  dairy  cow  of  the  state.  A  similar 
increase  in  the  returns  from  our  one-half  million  dairy  cows  at  present 
prices  of  butter  fat  would  amount  to  over  $50,000,000  annually. 

One  would  not  be  warranted  in  concluding  from  the  figures  for 
the  average  production  by  the  various  breeds  that  the  value  of  these 
for  dairy  production  is  necessarily  as  indicated  by  the  order  given. 


BULLETIN  351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY    COW   COMPETITION 


201 


Many  factors  enter  into  the  case.  First  of  all,  the  average  for  the 
pure-bred  Holsteins  came  mainly  through  the  exceptionally  high  pro- 
duction of  picked  cows  in  the  competing  herds.  So  far  as  the  grades 
are  concerned,  the  remarkably  high  records  reached  are  directty 
traceable  to  the  effect  of  systematic  testing  and  culling  of  poor  cows 
in  the  herds  during  many  years  of  cow-testing  association  work.  Most 
dair}7-  farmers  would  be  well  satisfied  with  an  average  production  from 
their  herd  like  that  of  cows  of  any  one  of  the  breeds  given,  whether 
pure-breds  or  grades,  with  one  exception.  The  differences  shown  are 
due  to  more  or  less  accidental  causes  and  the  results  can,  therefore, 
ouly  in  a  general  way  be  taken  to  indicate  the  relative  value  of  the 


Fig.  7. — Ayrshire  cows  owned  by  J.  Henry  Meyer  Estate,  Watsonville.  In 
foreground,  Finlayston's  Annie  Laurie,  36968;  winner  of  first  prize  for  production 
of  butter  fat  by  an  Ayrshire  cow  and  of  the  Ayrshire  Breeders'  Association  trophy 
for  the  same  production:  12175  lbs.  milk,  487.05  lbs.  butter  fat,  av.  test,  4.00  per 
cent,  at  8  yrs.  7  mos.  old. 

Bright  Eyes  of  Highland,  38116,  in  foreground  to  left;  winner  of  third  prize 
for  production  of  butter  fat  by  an  Ayrshire  cow,  11,1.10  lbs.  milk,  442.60  lbs.  butter 
fat,  av.  test,  3.98  per  cent,  at  8  yrs.  2  mos.  old. 


different  breeds  for  dairy  production.  They  do  not  in  any  case  dis- 
close the  relative  economy  of  production  by  cows  of  different  breeds, 
since  accurate  data  as  to  the  amounts  of  feed  eaten  in  most  of  the 
competing  herds  could  not  be  secured. 

Highest  Production  Records  by  Breeds. — The  records  of  the  highest 
producing  cows  of  each  breed  represented  in  the  competition  and  of 
the  grade  cows  are  given  in  Table  V. 

Under  the  rules  governing  the  competition  the  four-year-old  Hol- 
stein  Bessie  Snowball  DeKol  (owner,  Fred  Hartsook),  received  a 
higher  credit  for  butter  fat  production  than  the  actual  production 


202 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


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BULLETIN   351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY    COW   COMPETITION 


203 


of  the  mature  cow  given,  viz.,  839.83  pounds.  In  the  same  way  the 
grade  Holstein  heifer  Princess  (owner,  Los  Angeles  County  Farm), 
while  producing  less  butter  fat,  received  credit  for  a  higher  production 
than  that  of  the  grade  Jersey,  Jim's  Wonder,  viz.,  799.27  pounds.  Two 
of  the  cows  given  in  the  table,  the  Jersey  and  the  Holstein,  were 
barred  from  competing  for  prizes  on  account  of  their  breeding  records. 
Average  Production  of  Cows  by  Months. — The  average  monthly 
production  of  milk  and  butter  fat  for  the  cows  during  the  competition 


TABLE  VI. — Average  Production  by  Months 


No.  of 
Cows 

Average 
Distance 

from 
Calving, 

Days 

Average  Production 

No. 

over 

50 

Pounds 

Per 

Cent  of 

- 

Milk, 
Pounds 

Butter 

Fat, 
Pounds 

Per 
Cent 

all 

Records 

over 

50  Pounds 

1920 

September 

October 

November 

December 

1921 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

1922 
January 

67 
124 
144 
166 

210 
246 
372 
543 
618 
622 
539 
484 
399 
357 
282 
225 

56 

50 
55 
67 

78 

88 
100 
110 

92 
117 
140 
151 
172 
194 
215    . 
230 
253 

256 

1303 
1272 
1284 
1377 

1275 

1107 

1233 

1293 

1243 

1096 

1072 

1035 

897 

821 

716 

547 

700 

55.13 
51.06 
50.81 
55.06 

53.80 
45.80 
49.83 
49.43 
50.66 
45.53 
46.91 
44.21 
40.32 
38.49 
35.44 
30.08 

33.58 

4.23 
4.01 
3.96 
4.00 

4.22 
4.14 
4.04 
3.82 
4.04 
4.15 
4.38 
4.27 
4.50 
4.69 
4.95 
5.50 

4.80 

28 
50 
45 
80 

114 

83 

169 

250 

294 

223 

173 

132 

81 

59 

33 

11 

5 

42 
40 
31 

48 

54 
34 
45 
46 
48 
36 
32 
27 
20 
17 
12 
4 

9 

Ranges: 
Min. 

547 
1377 

30.08 
55.13 

5 
294 

4 

Max 

54 

was  calculated  each  month  for  all  cows  whose  milk  records  were  trans- 
mitted prior  to  the  15th  of  the  following  month.  The  data  so  obtained 
are  presented  in  Table  VI. 

It  will  be  noted  that  the  number  of  cows  included  gradually  in- 
creased from  67  in  September,  1920,  to  622  in  June,  1921,  from  which 
time  there  was  a  steady  decrease  in  the  number  of  monthly  records 
obtained,  on  account  of  the  withdrawal  of  cows  that  completed  their 


204 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


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Bulletin  351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY  COW  COMPETITION  205 

record  periods  during  the  subsequent  months.  The  average  production 
of  butter  fat  of  the  cows  came  above  55  pounds  in  September  and 
December,  1920 ;  it  exceeded  50  pounds  six  times  and  40  pounds  every 
month  but  the  last  four,  when  it  went  down  to  30  pounds  for  cows 
that  were  about  eight  and  one-half  months  advanced  in  their  lac- 
tations. The  number  of  records  over  50  pounds  ranged  from  294  in 
May,  1921,  to  five  in  January,  1922  (48  and  9  per  cent,  respectively, 
of  the  total  number).  About  one-third  of  the  monthly  records  were 
above  50  pounds  during  the  first  eleven  months  of  the  competition. 


Fig.  8. — Alma,  577635,  Dairy  Shorthorn,  owned  by  John  D.  Rowe  &  Sons,  Davis, 
Lessees.  Winner  of  Alexander  &  Kellogg  trophy  for  highest  production  of  butter 
fat  by  a  Shorthorn  cow,  also  of  second  individual  cash  prize  for  same  production 
of  butter  fat  by  a  Shorthorn  cow:  10,553  lbs.  milk,  416.62  lbs.  fat,  av.  test,  3.95 
per  cent,  at  4  yrs.  6  mos.  old  (credit,  449.95  lbs.  butter  fat). 

Highest  Producing  Cows  for  Each  Month. — Table  VII  shows  the 
cows  that  produced  most  butter  fat  during  each  month  of  the  compe- 
tition, the  name  of  the  owner,  breed,  days  in  milk,  and  production  of 
milk  and  butter  fat  being  given  in  each  case.  All  these  cows  com- 
pleted ten-month  records  and  their  production  for  this  period  is  also 
given.  It  is  of  interest  to  note  that  the  ten-month  records,  in  general, 
varied  with  the  monthly  production  and  that  they  are  with  one  excep- 
tion very  high,  ranging  from  448.18  to  798.15  pounds  of  butter  fat; 
the  average  for  the  twelve  cows  for  which   complete  records  were 


206 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


obtained  being  643.77  pounds  of  butter  fat  (equivalent  to  over  750 
pounds  of  commercial  butter)  for  ten  months,  and  98.71  pounds  of 
butter  fat  (equivalent  to  about  115  pounds  of  butter)  per  month. 

Cows  Producing  Over  100  Pounds  of  Butter  Fat  a  Month. — In  this 
connection  reference  may  be  made  to  Table  VIII,  giving  a  list  of  the 
cows  that  produced  over  100  pounds  of  butter  fat  during  any  one 
month  of  the  competition.  We  note  that  the  ten  cows  included  in  this 
list  produced,  on  the  average,  108.38  pounds  butter  fat  per  month 
(ranges,  101.27  to  121.27  pounds)  and  676.76  pounds  for  the  ten- 
month  period  (ranges,  511.17  pounds  to  798.15  pounds).  The  record 
cow  among  the  grades,  Jim's  Wonder,  is  the  only  cow  in  the  list  that 
produced  over  100  pounds  butter  fat  during  more  than  one  month ; 


Fig.  9. — A  southern  California  dairy  ranch  (F.  F.  Pellissier,  Whittier).  Among 
the  pure-bred  and  grade  Holstein  cows  in  foreground,  32  completed  10-mos.  records 
in  the  Competition;  25  of  these  exceeded  400  lbs.  of  butter  fat  and  11  exceeded 
500  lbs.  (U.  C.  Eange,  627.67-312.13  lbs.).  Five  grades  were  winners  of  the 
California  Cultivator  prize  for  March,  1921   (see  p.  210). 


she  has  the  distinction  of  having  produced  more  butter  fat  in  120  days 
(February  to  May,  1921,  inclusive)  than  any  other  cow  in  the  com- 
petition, as  will  be  seen  from  Table  VIII,  viz.,  418.35  pounds  butter 
fat,  an  average  of  104.59  pounds  butter  fat  and  2118.5  pounds  milk 
per  month.     (See  Fig.  2.) 

She  produced  8.6.1  pounds  butter  fat  in  June  and  53.66  pounds  in 
July,  having  been  thrown  ' '  off  feed ' '  by  too  heavy  feeding  of  mangels. 
Her  ten-month  record  aggregated  795.53  pounds  butter  fat,  however, 
on  two-times-a-day  milking.  Her  dam,  a  grade  Shorthorn,  was  a  good 
cow,  but  generally  dried  up  after  milking  five  to  six  months.  She 
was  not  tested.  The  sire  of  Jim's  Wonder  was  a  pure-bred  Jersey 
bull,  Lassie  Newport  Golden  Lad,  167,868.  Jim's  Wonder  was  bred 
March  3,  1921,  and  gave  birth  to  a  heifer  calf  on  December  4,  1921, 
within  a  year  after  the  preceding  calving.     In  spite  of  an  attack  of 


Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA   STATE   DAIRY    COW    COMPETITION 


207 


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208  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

milk  fever  and  later  one  of  garget,  she  produced  considerably  over 
100  pounds  of  butter  fat  during  each  of  the  first  two  months  of  her 
present  lactation  period,  thus  fully  justifying  her  name  by  her  pro- 
duction records  both  last  and  this  lactation  period. 


Fig.  10. — Lady  Mc,  gr.  Jersey  (first  cross  from  a  Shorthorn  cow  and  a  pure- 
bred Jersey  bull);  owner,  J.  W.  Coppini,  Ferndale.  "The  dam  of  this  cow  could 
not  produce  250  lbs.  fat  in  one  year.  Lady  Mc's  production  for  10  mos.  was 
11585  lbs.  milk  and  505.21  lbs.  fat;  av.  test,  4.36  per  cent,  at  16  yrs.  8  mos.  old. 
She  has  given  birth  to  15  calves  and  has  an  average  production  of  467  lbs. 
butter  fat  for  15  lactations." 


AWARD    OF    PRIZES 

The  awards  of  prizes  offered  in  the  competition  were  made  on 
February  17,  1922,  by  a  committee  consisting  of  Gordon  H.  True,  head 
of  the  Division  of  Animal  Husbandry  of  the  College  of  Agriculture, 
the  writer,  and  three  breeders  nominated  by  the  dairymen  participat- 
ing in  the  competition,  Messrs.  Frank  L.  Morris,  Woodland;  Judge 
Peter  H.  Shields,  Sacramento;  and  A.  B.  Humphrey,  Escalon.  Two 
of  the  members  were  unable  to  meet  with  the  committee  when  the 
awards  were  made,  Mr.  Morris  being  the  only  representative  of  the 
dairy  breeders  present.  The  results  of  the  decisions  of  the  committee 
were  announced  at  the  evening  session  of  the  Dairy  Farmers'  Con- 
ference during  the  Stockmen's  "Week  at  University  Farm,  February 
23,  when  the  prizes  were  presented  to  the  winners  by  Professor  True 


Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION 


209 


in  behalf  of  the  College  of  Agriculture.  The  complete  list  of  awards 
will  be  found  in  the  Appendix.  The  awards  of  some  of  the  more 
important  prizes  are  given  in  the  following  pages  with  brief  discus- 
sions of  the  production  of  the  prize-winning  cows. 

Prizes  for  Herd  Records. — The  largest  cash  prizes  offered  in  the 
competition  were  the  so-called  herd  prizes  awarded  for  the  highest 
average  production  of  butter  fat  by  ten  cows  in  a  herd;  twelve  such 
prizes  aggregating  $1950  in  value  were  offered,  viz.,  one  of  $300,  four 
each  of  $200  and  $100,  and  three  of  $150.  Owing  to  a  lack  of  quali- 
fied competitors,  five  of  these  prizes  were  not  awarded.  The  awards 
went  to  the  breeders  given  in  Table  IX. 


Table  IX. — Prizes  for  Herd  Records 

Average  Production  per  Cow 

Milk, 
Pounds 

Butter  Fat,  Pounds 

I.  Jerseys  or  Guernseys: 

First  Prize— H.  G.  Gross 

Second  Prize — J.  W.  Coppini 

II.  Holsteins: 

First  Prize — Fred  Hartsook 

Actual 

Credit 

8451.5 
7821.0 

18809.6 
16696.7 

14110.7 
10081.1 
10676.2 

472.15 
456.78 

589.07 
527.96 

555.39 
568.50 
513.27 

523.87 
502.79 

634.89 

Second  Prize — Burr  Farm 

599.88 

III.  Grades  or  Common  Dairy  Cows: 

First  Prize — Earl  Graham 

642.0? 

Second  Prize — J.  A.  Genzoli 

Third  Prize — Nate  Hauck 

595.22 
563.51 

Prizes  for  Individual  Records. — Sixteen  prizes  were  offered  for 
records  of  production  by  individual  cows,  viz.,  four  each  for  $100, 
$75,  $50,  and  $25.  The  awards  of  these  prizes  were  made  as  given 
in  the  Appendix,  page  241.  It  will  be  noted  that  the  four  prizes  for 
records  made  by  Jersey  or  Guernsey  cows  were  won  for  a  production 
of  652  to  505  pounds  butter  fat  (credit  679.49  to  626.26  pounds; 
owners  of  winning  cows,  H.  G.  Gross,  A.  B.  Humphrey  and  J.  W. 
Coppini)  ;  those  for  records  by  Holsteins  were  won  for  a  production 
of  777  to  620  pounds  (credit  839.8  to  770  pounds;  owners,  Fred  Hart- 
sook, Palo  Alto  Stock  Farm,  and  Anita  M.  Baldwin)  ;  those  for  records 
by  Ayrshire  and  Dairy  Shorthorns  were  won  for  a  production  of  487 
to  396  pounds  (owners,  J.  Henry  Meyer  Estate  and  John  D.  Eowe 
and  Sons),  and  those  for  records  by  grades  and  cows  of  unknown 
breeding  were  won  for  a  production  of  795  to  567  pounds   (credit, 


210 


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Bulletin   351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION  211 

799.3  to  738.3  pounds ;  owners,  Los  Angeles  County  Farm,  H.  L.  Wake- 
ham  and  Earl  Graham). 

Prizes  for  Monthly  Production  by  Grade  Cows. — A  series  of  prizes 
for  the  highest  average  production  of  butter  fat  by  five  grades  in  the 
herd  for  each  month  during  the  competition  was  offered  by  California 
Cultivator  Publishing  Company,  of  Los  Angeles.  Table  X  gives  the 
awards  of  these  prizes,  with  accompanying  information  as  to  the 
prize  winners  and  their  production. 


Fig.  11. — "Holstein,"  gr.  Holstein,  owned  by  Peter  Iversen,  Grizzly  Bluff. 
One  of  the  five  grades  that  won  the  California  Cultivator  prize  for  Dec,  1921. 
Production  at  4  yrs.  old,  8928  lbs.  milk,  498.94  lbs.  fat,  av.  test,  5.59  per  cent 
(credit,  573.78  lbs.). 

It  will  be  noted  that  the  average  monthly  production  of  butter  fat 
by  five  grades  varied  from  43.56  pounds  (for  cows  276  days  in  milk, 
on  the  average)  to  83.26  pounds,  with  an  average  of  67.65  pounds  for 
the  seventeen  months.  The  production  of  the  individual  grades  in- 
cluded in  the  groups  ranged  from  37.0  to  113.3  pounds.  No  cow  was 
considered  more  than  once  in  the  award  of  these  prizes.  The  monthly 
prizes  were  won  nine  times  by  Humboldt  County  dairymen  (seven 
different  farmers),  seven  times  by  Los  Angeles  County  dairymen 
(three  different  farmers),  and  once  by  a  San  Joaquin  County  dairy- 
man. They  were  won  by  ten  different  dairymen,  viz.,  four  times  by 
Earl  Graham,  and  twice  by  Los  Angeles  County  Farm,  Nate  Hauck, 
and  Eugene  Biondini,  five  other  dairymen  capturing  it  once. 

Cow-Testing  Association  Prizes. — Three  prizes  for  yearly  records 
made  by  herds  belonging  to  a  cow-testing  association  were  offered  by 
the  Country  Life  Department  of  the  Sacramento  Bee,   Sacramento 


212 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


California ;  one  each  for  herds  of  less  than  twenty-five  cows,  of  26  to 
50  cows,  and  of  over  50  cows.  Eighteen  herds  competed  for  these 
prizes,  of  which  seventeen  belonged  to  the  Ferndale  Cow-Testing  Asso- 
ciation and  one  to  the  Areata  Cow-Testing  Association.  The  average 
production  of  milk  and  butter  fat  by  these  herds  is  given  in  Table  XI. 


Table  XI. — Competition  for  Prizes  for  Yearly  Records  Made  by  Herds  in 
Cow-testing  Associations  Offered  by  the  County  Life  Department  of 
the  Sacramento  Bee,  Sacramento. 


No.  of 

Cows 

Average  Production 

Milk, 
Pounds 

Butter  Fat 

a.   Less  than  25  Cows  in  Herd: 

1.  J.  W.  Coppini,  Ferndale* 

Per  Cent 

Pounds 

11 

17 
20 

7 
22 
24 

9 
20 
12 

9504 
9290 
8906 
8333 
7672 
8792 
6921 
6877 
6925 

5.72 
5.23 
4.91 
4.98 
5.02 
4.32 
5.15 
5.26 
5.12 

494.39 

2.  Peter  Iversen,  Grizzly  Bluff 

485.91 

3.  Nate  Hauck,  Alton 

4.  Wilbur  West,  Waddington 

437.68 
414.88 

5.  S.  B.  Morrison,  Ferndale 

6.  Leo  Christen,  Waddington 

385.12 
379.04 

7.  W.  P.  Neuhaus,  Grizzly  Bluff 

356.65 

8.  S.  J.  Damon,  Ferndale 

9.  W.  Crowley,  Ferndale 

356.41 
354.27 

Average  (9  Herds) 

b.  26-50  Cows  in  Herd: 

10.  J.  A.  Genzoli,  Loleta* 

16 

45 
28 
37 
44 

8136 

8412 
7409 
8173 
7698 

5.00 

5.27 
5.67 
5.05 
4.73 

407.15 
444.57 

11.  Eug.  Biondini,  Ferndale 

419.78 

12    L.  J.  Lindrum,  Ferndale 

412.61 

13.  M.  L.  Pontoni,  Areata 

363.91 

Average  (4  Herds) 

38 

72 
51 
54 
51 
103 

7923 

8345 
7599 
7410 
7206 
6124 

5.18 

4.76 

5.19 

4.96 

.5.03 

*5.07 

410.22 

c.  Over  50  Cows  in  Herd: 

14.  J.  D.  Early,  Grizzly  Bluff* 

397.12 

15.  Coppini  &  Coppini,  Ferndale 

394.37 

16.  Giacomini  &  Pedro tti,  Waddington  . . . 

17.  W.  Terkelsen,  Ferndale 

367.46 
362.66 

18.  John  Hansen,  Loleta 

310.77 

Average  (5  Herds) 

66 

7337 

4.99 

366.48 

*  Winner  of  prize. 


A  comparison  of  the  records  made  by  the  herds  competing  for  the 
three  cow-testing  association  prizes  in  this  and  in  the  first  competition 
will  disclose  the  fact  that  the  average  butter  fat  production  of  the 
small,  medium  and  large  herds  in  this  competition  was  13,  37,  and  13 


Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA   STATE   DAIRY    COW    COMPETITION 


213 


pounds,  respectively,  lower  than  for  the  corresponding  herds  in  the 
first  competition.  Each  of  the  groups  included  only  three  herds  in  the 
first  competition,  but  of  the  four  herds  entered  in  both  competitions 
only  one  had  a  higher  average  production  this  time  than  in  1916-18. 
The  average  production  of  the  competing  herds  is  probably  as  high 
as  has  ever  been  reached  by  a  similar  number  of  herds  in  a  cow-testing 
association  of  similar  size.  Two  herds  reached  nearly  500  pounds  of 
butter  fat  per  cow  for  the  year,  five  ranged  between  444  and  412 


Fig.  12. — Noble's  Sayda  Polo,  307199,  Jersey,  owned  by  J.  W.  Coppini,  Fern- 
dale,  winner  of  third  prize  for  production  of  butterfat  in  class  5;  9120  lbs.  milk, 
652.27  lbs.  fat;  av.  test,  7.15  per  cent,  at  6  yrs.  7  mos.  old. 


pounds,  ten  between  400  and  350  pounds,  and  only  one  herd  (of  103 
cows)  averaged  as  low  as  310  pounds  of  butter  fat,  which  is,  however, 
nearly  twice  the  average  annual  production  of  the  dairy  cows  of  the 
state.  The  average  production  for  all  eighteen  herds  was  close  to  400 
pounds  butter  fat  per  cow. 

All  the  owners  but  one  were  members  of  the  oldest  cow-testing 
association  in  the  state,  that  of  Ferndale,  Humboldt  County,  which 
has  been  in  continuous  operation  since  February,  1909.  The  other 
association  represented  was  organized  in  March,  1919.  It  is  no  acci- 
dent that  these  Humboldt  County  herds  rank  high  in  average  pro- 
duction.   The  effect  of  the  cow-testing  association  work  is  cumulative ; 


214 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


it  gives  the  dairyman  definite  knowledge  of  the  production  of  his 
cows  from  year  to  year,  and  shows  him  which  are,  and  which  are  not, 
profitable  producers.  He  is  able,  therefore,  to  dispose  of  the  latter 
kind  and  thus  gradually  raise  the  production  of  his  herd.  The  im- 
portance of  well-bred  dairy  bulls  for  increasing  the  production  of  the 
herd  is  also  brought  home  with  increasing  emphasis  each  year  by  the 
results  of  cow-testing  association  work.     The  showing  made  in  both 


Fig.  13. — Calla  Grove  Itchen  May,  73356,  Guernsey,  owned  by  A.  B.  Humphrey, 
Escalon.  Winner  of  second  prize  for  production  of  butter  fat  in  class  5;  11,456 
lbs.  milk,  587.73  lbs.  butter  fat;  av.  test,  5.13  per  cent,  at  3  yrs.  9  mos.  old;  also 
won  the  A.  G.  C.  C.  trophy  for  the  highest  record  by  a  registered  Guernsey  cow. 


this  and  the  previous  competition  by  the  herds  belonging  to  the  Fern- 
dale  Cow-testing  Association  furnishes  a  striking  illustration  of  the 
value  of  continued  association  work  to  the  members  and  to  the  dairy 
industry  of  the  state. 

Other  prizes  were  awarded  as  follows : 

Registered  Bull  Calves. — For  the  highest  average  production  of 
butter  fat  in  ten  months  by  a  grade  or  common  dairy  herd  of  less  than 
25  cows,  choice  of  a  Jersey,  Guernsey  and  Holstein  bull  calf,  won  by 
Nate  Hauck,  P.  Iversen  and  S.  J.  Damon,  respectively,  for  an  average 
production  by  their  cows  of  513  to  377  pounds  butter  fat  (credit, 
563.5  to  432.1  pounds). 


Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA   STATE  DAIRY    COW   COMPETITION 


215 


Babcock  24-Bottle  Hand  Tester. — For  the  pure-bred  dairy  herd 
having  the  largest  proportion  of  complete  records  over  300  pounds 
of  butter  fat  for  ten  consecutive  months,  awarded  to  Fred  Hartsook 
(17  records). 

Prizes  for  Humboldt  County  Cows. — For  the  highest  production 
of  butter  fat  by  three  Humboldt  County  cows  (cows  winning  other 
individual  prizes  barred),  won  by  three  grade  or  common  cows  pro- 
ducing 660  to  631  pounds  butter  fat  (owners,  J.  A.  Genzoli,  M.  L. 
Pontoni,  and  Nate  Hauck). 


Fig.  14. — Princess,  grade  Holstein,  owned  by  the  Los  Angeles  County  Farm. 
First  prize  for  grade  cows  of  common  breed.  Production  at  3  years  old,  16,143 
lbs.  milk,  644.57  lbs.  butter  fat  (average  test  3.99  per  cent)  ;  credit,  799.27  lbs. 

Prizes  for  Cow-Testing  Association  Testers. — Three  prizes  of  $100, 
$75  and  $50  each  were  awarded  to  association  testers  for  the  three 
highest  numbers  of  complete  ten-month  records  in  herds  tested  by 
them.  These  were  won  by  C.  A.  Casanova  of  Ferndale  Cow-Testing 
Association  (107  records),  L.  J.  Birge  of  Los  Angeles  Cow-Testing 
Association  (83  records),  and  Sam  H.  Moore,  also  of  the  Los  Angeles 
Cow-Testing  Association   (59  records). 

Silver  Trophies:  A.  W.  Scott  Trophy. — For  the  highest  production 
of  milk  during  ten  consecutive  months  by  a  cow  irrespective  of  her 
breeding,  won  by  Princess  Maida  Veeman  for  a  production  of  26,119 
pounds  of  milk  (test,  3.06  per  cent,  798.15  pounds  butter  fat,  owner 
Earl  Graham). 


216 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


De  Laval  Separator  Company  Trophy. — For  the  herd  having  the 
largest  number  of  records  over  300  pounds  of  butter  fat,  won  by 
Adohr  Stock  Farms  (47  records). 

California  Dairy  Council  Trophy. — For  the  herd  having  the  next 
to  the  largest  number  of  records  over  300  pounds  of  butter  fat,  won 
by  Arden  Certified  Dairy  (36  records). 

Pacific  Dairy  Review  Trophy. — For  the  highest  average  production 
of  butter  fat  in  ten  months  by  a  grade  herd  (not  less  than  4  cows), 
all  daughters  of  a  single  pure-bred  sire :  won  by  Nate  Hauck  for 
an  average  production  of  479.2  pounds  by  eight  daughters  of  the 
Jersey  bull,  Chief  Alton,  123,772.  The  production  of  the  individual 
daughters  is  given  in  Table  XII. 


Table  XII. — Production  by  Daughters  of  Chief  Alton,  123772 


Age, 
Years 

Milk, 
Pounds 

Butter  Fat 

Name 

Per 

Cent 

Actual, 
Pounds 

Credit, 
Pounds 

1.  Brownie 

2.  Slow 

3.  Nigger 

4.  Speck 

5.  Lily 

6.  Chub 

7.  Bird 

8.  Sister 

6 
4 
4 
6 
4 
5 
6 
5 

11093 
10359 
11954 
11366 

8272 
8856 
8690 
5359 

5.25 
5.26 
4.48 
4.59 
5.69 
5.03 
5.05 
5.51 

581.95 
544.94 
535.00 
522.09 
470.01 
445.35 
438.81 
295.46 

581.95 
626.68 
615.25 
522.09 
540.51 
445.35 
438.81 
295.46 

Average 

5 

94936 

5.05 

479.20 

508.26 

In  the  opinion  of  the  writer  this  is  one  of  the  most  important 
prizes  offered  in  the  competition.  It  emphasizes  the  value  of  a  good 
pure-bred  sire  in  building  up  a  dairy  herd.  To  develop  a  considerable 
number  of  grade  daughters  of  a  bull  so  that  they  will  average  over  479 
pounds  of  butter  fat  in  ten  months  is  an  accomplishment  of  which  any 
breeder  of  dairy  cattle  might  well  be  proud,  particularly  in  view  of 
the  fact  that  one-half  of  the  number  averaged  537  pounds  of  butter  fat. 

Other  competitors  for  this  trophy  were : 

Los  Angeles  County  Farm,  average  production  by  eight  daughters 
of  King  Jones  Homestead,  129,493, — 532.67  pounds  of  butter  fat. 
Five  of  these  were  barred,  however,  on  account  of  their  breeding 
records. 

C.  E.  Fisher,  average  production  by  four  daughters  of  Silvia  Vio- 
let's Son,  117,067,-402.30  pounds  butter  fat. 


Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION 


217 


J.  M.  Christen,  average  production  by  five  daughters  of  Count 
Sarcastic  Aaggie,  114,853, — 379.66  pounds  butter  fat. 

Breed  Association  Trophies. — These  were  awarded  by  the  Jersey 
Guernsey  and  Holstein  National  Breed  Associations  for  (a)  highest 
record  of  butter  fat  by  a  pure-bred  cow,  and  ( o )  highest  average  record 
by  ten  grade  cows  sired  by  a  registered  bull  of  the  respective  breed 
associations.  In  addition,  the  Ayrshire  Breeders'  Association  donated 
a  trophy  for  the  highest  record  by  a  registered  Ayrshire  cow,  and 
Alexander  &  Kellogg  gave  one  for  the  highest  record  by  a  registered 
Shorthorn  cow.    The  awards  were  made  as  shown  in  Table  XIII. 

Table  XIII. — Award  of  Breed  Trophies 


Breed 


Name  of  Cow 


A. — Individual  Cows 


Jersey 

Guernsey.. 
Hoi  stein... 
Ayrshire... 
Shorthorn. 


Financial  C's  Lor.  D.... 
Calla  Gr.  Itchen  May. 
Princess  M.  Veeman... 
Finlayston's  Annie  L... 
Alma 


B. — Ten  Grade  Cows 


Jerseys 

Guernseys. 
Holsteins... 


Milk,  Lbs. 

10676... 

9187.... 

14039.... 


Butter  Fat,  Pounds 

Actual 

Credit 

689.97 

689.97 

587.73 

675.89 

798.15 

941.82 

487.05 

487.05 

416.62 

449.95 

513.27 

563.53 

461.35 

495.53 

561.82 

648.02 

Owner 


Bonnikson  Bros. 

A.  B.  Humphrey  Co. 

Earl  Graham 

J.  Henry  Meyer  Est. 

J.  D.  Rowe  &  Sons 


Nate  Hauck 
Adohr  Stock  Farms 
Earl  Graham 


METHODS    OF    FEEDING    AND    HANDLING    PRIZE-WINNING    COWS 

The  winners  of  the  prizes  awarded  in  the  competition,  at  the  request 
of  the  writer,  furnished  brief  statements  of  the  method  of  feeding  and 
handling  their  cows,  which  are  given  in  the  following  pages. 

Bonnikson  Bros.,  Ferndale. — Financial  C's  Loretta  D.,  304891,  completed  her 
first  Kegister  of  Merit  record  on  March  18,  1920,  with  11,890.6  pounds  of  milk 
and  697.34  pounds  butter  fat  to  her  credit.  During  this  test  she  was  milked 
twice  daily  and  given  box-stall  care  about  six  months,  or  during  the  wet  and 
coldest  weather.  The  other  six  months  she  was  out  on  pasture  with  the  rest 
of  the  herd.  Her  average  percentage  of  fat  was  5.86.  She  began  this  test 
at  the  age  of  6  years  11  months.  Because  she  was  not  due  to  freshen  again 
until  August  18,  1920,  she  was  milked  and  tested  the  three  following  months, 
making  a  total  of  809.34  pounds  butter  fat  for  the  lactation  period  of  fifteen 
months  ending  June  18,  1920.  She  was  then  put  in  a  pen  and  fed  hay  until 
dry,  being  dry  about  six  weeks.  She  freshened  August  18,  1920,  and  was 
entered  again  for  another  Eegister-of -Merit  record  August   25   at  the  age   of 


218  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

8  years  4  months,  and  completed  this  work  with  13,531  pounds  milk  and  806.23 
pounds  butter  fat.  September  1,  1920,  she  was  entered  in  the  California  State 
Dairy  Cow  Competition  and  finished  her  ten  months'  work  with  689.97  pounds 
butter  fat  to  her  credit,  for  which  the  American  Jersey  Cattle  Club  presented 
a  trophy  for  the  registered  Jersey  cow  making  the  highest  record  in  the  contest. 

During  the  testing  period  from  August  25,  1920,  until  August  25,  1921,  of 
which  ten  months  were  devoted  to  California  Cow  Competition,  she  was  milked 
twice  daily  and  received  herd  care  during  the  entire  test  period,  being  out  on 
pasture  with  the  other  cows  day  and  night.  During  the  cold  or  stormy  weather 
they  were  either  kept  in  a  large  shelter  shed  or  the  door  was  left  open  so  that  they 
could  go  in  or  out  as  they  would  choose. 

Besides  her  pasture  she  received  as  concentrates  a  mixture  of  two  sacks 
of  coconut  meal,  one  of  millrun,  and  one  of  rolled  barley,  of  which  she  received 
a  gallon  measure  when  taken  in  the  barn  twice  a  day  to  be  milked;  to  the 
grain  feed  was  added  some  molasses  which  was  never  weighed  but  to  the 
amount  that  she  would  readily  consume.     (See  Fig.  6.) 

J.  W.  Coppini,  Ferndale. — It  is  very  difficult  to  explain  in  an  article  on  ' '  How 
I  Fed  My  Cows,"  because  no  certain  method  of  feeding  was  followed,  this 
being  scarcely  the  same  during  two  consecutive  months. 

It  is  my  opinion  that  cows  should  be  well  fed  before  freshening.  The  best 
of  judgment  is  required  at  this  particular  time,  to  guard  against  the  various 
troubles  most  likely  to  occur,  such  as  milk  fever,  udder  trouble,  impaction, 
etc.  After  freshening,  the  cows  were  turned  on  to  pasture,  or  green  grass  was 
cut  and  fed  in  the  barn.  Some  grain  was  fed  twice  a  day,  usually  a  mixture 
of  coconut,  beet  pulp  and  either  rolled  barley  or  rolled  oats.  For  several  months 
the  above  mixture  was  moistened  with  molasses  diluted  with  water.  This  was 
used  more  as  an  appetizer  than  anything  else,  as  quite  often  when  the  cows 
were  getting  all  the  green  grass  they  wanted  they  cared  very  little  for  grain. 

As  the  summer  advanced  the  grass  got  stale,  then  hay  had  to  take  its  place- 
until  roots  were  ready  to  feed,  when  oxheart  carrots  were  fed  until  the  last 
of  October,  starting  with  about  30  or  40  pounds  per  day  per  cow  and  increas- 
ing to  the  double  amount  in  about  four  or  six  weeks.  After  the  carrots  were 
gone,  stock  beets  were  fed  along  with  hay.  The  grain  ration  continued  through- 
out the  season,  giving  about  8  to  10  pounds  per  head  daily.  Noble's  Sayda 
Polo,  being  the  heaviest  producer,  received  from  12  to  15  pounds  daily.  The 
molasses  was  discontinued  in  November.  The  cows  were  all  milked  twice  a 
day  only.  They  were  kept  in  the  barn  at  night  from  November  15  during  the 
winter  months,  but  were  always  turned  out  in  day  time.     (See  Figs.  10  and  12.) 

J.  D.  Early,  Grizzly  Bluff. — The  cows  in  my  herd  are  all  grades,  some  of  them 
being  sired  by  pure-bred  sires,  but  the  greater  number  by  grade  sires.  They  were 
mostly  young  cows.  There  were  16  heifers,  6  of  them  being  under  2  years  of  age 
and  the  oldest  but  2  years  1  month  of  age. 

The  cows  received  no  special  care;  they  were  all  milked  twice  a  day  and 
only  kept  in  the  barn  long  enough  to  be  milked.  They  were  dry,  on  an  average, 
about  one  month  and  a  half  before  freshening  and  were  due  to  freshen  about 
three  weeks  earlier  the  next  year. 

During  March,  April  and  May  they  were  pastured  on  clover  and  rye  grass. 
During  June  they  were  fed  green  vetch  and  oats  along  with  pasture.  In 
July  they  had  vetch  and  oat  silage  and  green  vetch  and  oats;  in  August  they 


BULLETIN  351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION  219 

were  fed  sweet  corn  with  the  silage.  During  September  and  October  carrots 
and  sweet  corn  were  fed,  and  in  November  carrots  and  beets.  Beets  were 
continued  during  the  first  15  days  of  December  and  sweet-corn  silage  was  fed 
the  last  part  of  December  and  all  of  January  and  February.  Concentrates  were 
fed  the  whole  year  around,  from  4  to  7  lbs.  to  each  cow  daily.  The  concen- 
trates consisted  of  2  parts  coconut  meal  and  1  part  barley  the  first  eight  months, 
and  straight  barley  during  the  rest  of  the  season.  During  June  the  cows  were 
fed  a  pound  of  molasses  daily.  They  had  free  access  to  salt  and  plenty  of 
water.     Oat  hay  was  fed  almost  all  the  year. 

All  the  feeds  given  except  the  coconut  meal  and  the  molasses  and  a  part 
of  the  barley  were  grown  on  the  ranch. 

J.  A.  Genzoli,  Loleta. — Regarding  the  breeding  of  my  cows  I  will  state  that 
I  have  entered  them  as  "common  cows'';  that  is,  common  Humboldt  County 
cows.  I  have  never  used  any  pure  bred  bulls.  Nearly  all  the  dairy  breeds  are 
represented  in  my  herd,  but  the  Jersey  is  predominant.  I  have  raised  all  my 
cattle  and  for  ten  or  twelve  years  past  I  have  never  gone  outside  of  my  herd 
for  a  bull,  but  I  always  raised  them  from  my  highest  producing  cows.  All 
this  time  I  have  belonged  to  the  Ferndale  Cow -Testing  Association.  I  think 
that  this  fact  more  than  any  thing  else  contributed  to  the  high  production  of 
the  cows. 

Regarding  the  handling  of  the  cows  that  I  entered  in  the  competition,  I 
have  no  special  way  of  doing  it.  During  the  month  of  April  I  fed  my  cows 
about  four  pounds  of  concentrated  feed  a  day;  two-thirds  of  coconut  meal  and 
one-third  of  barley  meal,  with  a  little  hay.  They  had  the  run  of  a  good  pasture 
with  all  the  herd.  We  milk  our  cows  twice  a  day  with  a  milking  machine  and 
strip  them  clean  by  hand. 

Earl  Graham,  Compton. — The  dairy  conditions  in  our  locality  are  different 
from  most  those  other  people  have  to  contend  with.  The  cows  I  had  in  the  com- 
petition were  entered  under  ordinary  dairy  conditions,  and  we  fed  them  about 
the  same  as  the  other  cows  in  the  herd.  I  have  five  acres  of  land  and  75  head 
of  cattle,  all  kept  in  corrals,  having  no  pasture  at  all.  I  feed  plenty  of  corn 
silage.  They  have  access  to  green  alfalfa  and  hay,  and  I  feed  my  grain  in 
the  barn.  I  feed  on  the  basis  of  1  pound  of  concentrates  to  from  4  to  3% 
pounds  of  milk.  I  feed  the  different  cows  mostly  according  to  how  much  they 
will  clean  up,  and  those  that  are  pretty  well  along  in  calf  I  feed  according  to 
their  milk  flow.  Most  of  my  cattle  are  Holsteins,  with  one  or  two  exceptions. 
I  milk  my  cows  three  times  a  day,  which  most  people  do  not  do.  I  find  that 
by  milking  them  three  times  a  day  there  is  an  increase  of  about  20  per  cent  in 
production. 

I  think  it  is  important  to  feed  cows  well  before  they  freshen,  so  as  to  have 
them  in  good  flesh  during  the  early  part  of  the  lactation.  I  fed  the  following 
grain  mixture  to  my  cows:  100  pounds  of  beet  pulp,  100  pounds  of  barley,  100 
pounds  of  bran,  50  pounds  of  linseed  meal,  and  100  pounds  of  coconut  meal. 
Occasionally  I  add  Indian-corn  meal.  From  November  to  March  first,  during  the 
cooler  months  I  use  the  corn  meal,  but  not  during  the  warmer  season.4  (See 
Fig.  1.) 


4  See  "A  Princess"  (Princess  Maida  Veeman,  the  record  cow  for  milk  and 
butter  fat  production  in  the  competition)  in  California  Cultivator  of  Feb.  11, 
1922. 


220  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

Dr.  H.  G.  Gross,  Eureka. — Back  in  1917,  I  entered  a  competition  and  came 
out  at  the  tail  end.  We  learn  by  our  mistakes,  so  after  that  I  decided  not  to 
make  the  mistake  of  not  feeding  the  cows  enough.  I  gave  the  cows  a  good 
supply  of  a  grain  mixture  composed  of  coconut  meal,  barley,  oats,  and  cotton- 
seed meal.  Then  they  had  silage,  clover  hay,  and  green  feed  practically  throughout 
the  year.  At  the  start  the  cows  were  fed  green  corn,  and  after  the  corn  we  fed 
carrots  up  to  about  the  first  of  January,  when  we  started  in  on  kale.  After 
the  season  of  kale  the  cows  were  turned  out  to  pasture.  My  ranch  is  not  in 
the  fertile  Eel  River  Valley  where  most  of  the  Humboldt  County  dairy  ranches 
are  located.  I  am  back  in  the  mountains  in  a  little  hole  in  the  ground.  My 
scheme  of  feeding  is  different  from  that  practiced  in  the  Eel  River  section, 
where  they  can  raise  beets.    We  cannot  raise  beets  where  I  am  located. 

The  cows  were  given  about  30  pounds  of  silage  and  a  small  amount  of  green 
feed  daily,  the  green  feed  last  for  dessert.  Then  they  had  all  the  clover  hay 
they  could  eat.  The  silage  was  made  of  oats  and  vetches.  Corn  is  uncertain 
with  us.  We  bought  the  coconut  meal  and  cotton  seed  meal  and  raised  the 
barley  and  oats  ourselves.  We  fed  barley  during  the  early- part  of  the  season 
and  when  the  barley  gave  out,  we  substituted  ground  oats.  After  we  com- 
menced feeding  ground  oats  all  the  cows  increased  in  production,  viz.,  a  pound 
or  two  per  cow  daily.     When  we  fed  kale  there  was  a  similar  increase. 

The  grain  mixture  fed  was  made  up  as  follows:  Three  parts  of  coconut  meal, 
three  parts  of  tarley  (oats  later  on),  and  one  part  of  cotton  seed  meal.  The 
cows  had  a  ration  of  about  one  pound  of  grain  to  four  pounds  of  milk.  There 
is  a  difference  in  cows,  of  course.  Cynthia  of  Butler  Valley,  which  made  the 
highest  record,  had  very  little  grain.  She  was  an  economical  cow,  producing 
618  pounds  of  fat  on  little  grain,  nearly  all  green  feed,  silage  and  hay.  The 
cows  ^ere  kept  in  the  tarn  at  night,  from  November  1  to  April  1,  being  turned 
out  on  a  dry  knoll  during  the  day  time,     (See  Figs.  3  and  4.) 

Eight  of  the  prize-winning  cows  were  milked  twice  a  day.  The  other  two 
were  milked  three  times  a  day  after  the  first  two  months;  one  because  she  was 
due  to  calve  ten  months  after  freshening,  and  the  other  because  she  promised 
rather  well  and  I  wanted  to  try  out  three-time  milking  and  see  the  effect. 
There  was  apparently  an  increase  of  about  10  per  cent  in  milk  production  in 
the  case  of  both  cows.  The  cows  were  dry  from  a  month  to  six  weeks  and  were 
fed  as  well  while  dry  as  when  in  milk,  the  object  being  to  have  them  freshen  in 
good  flesh.  Most  of  the  cows  freshened  in  September  and  October,  but  they 
strung  along  until  February.     All  were  hand  milked. 

The  factors  1  consider  most  important  in  successful  dairy  farming  are:  (1) 
a  good  bull,    (2)    generous  feeding,  especially  to   dry  cows,  and   (3)   kindness. 

Fred  Hartsoolc,  LanJcershim. — The  cows  entered  in  the  State  Dairy  Cow  Com- 
petition were  fed  and  milked  three  and  four  times  a  day.  The  cows  that  were 
milked  four  times  a  day  were  kept  in  stalls,  being  turned  out  into  a  corral 
during  day  time.  The  cows  that  were  milked  three  times  a  day  were  fed  and 
milked  in  stanchions,  and  kept  in  open  corrals  at  all  times  when  not  being 
milked. 

The  grain  ration  fed  consisted  of  200  pounds  of  oats;  200  pounds  of  barley; 
200  pounds  of  bran;  100  pounds  of  cornmeal;  100  pounds  linseed  oil  meal;  50 
pounds  of  cotton  seed  meal,  and  75  pounds  of  soy  bean  meal.  The  cows  were  fed 
green  beets  a  part  of  the  time,  dry  alfalfa  at  all  times,  a  little  green  alfalfa 
during  the  summer,  and  dry  beet  pulp  intermittently  with  the  green  beets. 


Bulletin  351]  California  state  dairy  cow  competition  221 

None  of  the  cows  were  dry  over  six  weeks  before  freshening  and  starting 
upon  the  test. 

Nate  Hauck,  Alton. — I  aimed  to  have  the  cows  dry  two  months  before  they 
came  in,  but  some  of  them  were  such  persistent  milkers  that  they  did  not 
get  but  one  month's  rest  and  were  not  in  condition  to  do  their  best,  judging 
by  what  they  had  done  the  year  before,  but  those  that  had  the  long  rest  milked 
heavy  and  tested  high.  1  fed  pretty  heavy  during  the  dry  period,  on  hay,  beets, 
and  some  grain  to  the  ones  that  needed  it.  Kept  the  cows  in  the  stable  at  night 
during  the  worst  part  of  winter,  which  I  think  helped  to  keep  them  in  good 
condition.  After  they  freshened,  which  was  from  the  first  part  of  March  till 
in  June,  commenced  to  increase  their  concentrates  gradually  till  they  were 
getting  about  one  pound  of  grain  to  four  pounds  of  milk  given;  their  concen- 
trates were  rolled  barley,  dried  beet-pulp  and  coconut  meal,  equal  parts.  Dur- 
ing the  first  part  of  the  season  they  had  plenty  of  pasturage,  but  during  May 
I  commenced  to  cut  and  feed  some  green  alfalfa;  after  that  was  gone,  some 
clover,  and  then  vetch  and  oats;  about  the  last  of  July  I  fed  them  some  sun- 
flowers with  a  little  alfalfa.  They  did  not  clean  up  the  stalks  of  the  sun- 
flowers, and  did  not  do  as  well  on  them  as  some  other  feeds,  but  they  came  in 
at  a  time  when  other  green  feed  was  scarce.  Carrots  were  ready  to  be  fed  about 
the  middle  of  August,  they  held  up  a  good  milk  flow  on  them,  especially  when 
there  was  a  little  alfalfa  to  feed  with  the  carrots.  When  the  green  alfalfa 
was  gone  I  fed  vetch  and  oat  hay;  carrots  held  out  till  December  when  beets 
were  fed.  All  green  feed  was  fed  in  the  field  till  along  in  December  when  beets 
were  fed  in  the  stable.  The  grain  was  fed  evening  and  morning  at  milking 
time.  I  milked  all  cows  twice  a  day  except  one  which  was  milked  three  times 
on  account  of  her  leaking  milk  badly.  The  cows  were  milked  with  milking- 
machine. 

P.  Iversen,  Grizzly  Bluff. — My  cows  were  dry  from  four  to  six  weeks  and 
after  freshening  were  all  milked  but  twice  a  day  all  through  the  year.  From 
April  to  August  they  were  fed  red  clover,  fed  by  hand,  and  concentrates  as 
follows:  4  pounds  coconut  meal,  2  pounds  wheat  bran,  2  pounds  rolled  barley 
per  head  daily.  From  August  to  the  end  of  the  season  they  received  carrots, 
beets,  green  corn  and  good  hay,  with  concentrates  as  follows:  4  pounds  coconut 
meal,  3  pounds  rolled  barley,  1  pound  cotton  seed  meal  per  head  daily.  This 
feed  was  sometimes  increased  and  sometimes  decreased  a  little  according  to  the 
flow  of  milk  and  the  test.  I  figure  about  1  pound  concentrates  to  5  pounds  milk 
and  I  always  try  to  keep  my  cows  well  stabled.     (See  Fig.  11.) 

Los  Angeles  County  Farm,  Hondo. — The  feeds  given  our  cows  that  were 
entered  in  the  State  Competition  varied  according  to  the  schedule  given  below. 
Alfalfa  hay  of  a  good  quality  was  fed  daily  in  the  racks.  The  average  con- 
sumption for  the  entire  herd  only  is  known  and  amounted  to  18  to  20  pounds 
per  head  daily.  The  cows  received  daily,  on  an  average,  25  pounds  silage  made 
from  field  corn   cut   shortly  after  passing  the  roasting-ear  stage.     They  were 

fed  a  grain  mixture  of  6  pounds  each  of  dried  beet  pulp  and  dairy  feed, 

and  2  pounds  of  cotton  seed  meal,  in  addition  to  a  home  mixture,  consisting  of 
equal  parts  of  corn  meal,  coconut  meal,  ground  oats  and  wheat  bran.  Two  to 
seven  pounds  of  the  home  mixture  was  fed  per  head  daily,  according  to  the 

individual  production.     The dairy  feed  is  a  proprietary  mixture  guaranteed 

to  analyze  as  follows:  Protein,  17  per  cent;  fat,  6  per  cent;  fiber,  8  per  cent; 
ash,  8  per  cent. 


222  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

The  cows  were  milked  three  times  a  day  and  were  otherwise  handled  in 
every  respect  the  same  as  the  balance  of  our  herd.  We  are  now  milking  ninety- 
five  cows.5 

J.  Henry  Meyer  Estate,  Watsonville. — Our  cows  in  the  competition  were  dry 
on  the  average  about  four  to  five  weeks  before  freshening.  They  were  fed  the 
following  ration:  Alfalfa  hay,  corn  silage,  and  about  one  pound  of  the  follow- 
ing grain  mixture  for  each  four  pounds  of  milk  they  produced  per  day:  Ground 
barley,  400  pounds;  coconut  meal,  200  pounds;  mill-run,  160  pounds;  linseed 
meal,  40  pounds,  cotton  seed  meal,  40  pounds;  beet  pulp,  200  pounds;  salt,  10 
pounds;  dehydrated  lime,  5  pounds. 

They  were  stabled  in  box  stalls  at  milking  time  and  kept  in  a  lot  adjacent 
between  milkings.     These  cows  were  milked  three  times  a  day.     (See  Fig.  7.) 

J.  D.  Borne  #•  Sons,  Davis,  Lessees. — Alma,  our  best  cow  in  the  competition, 
will  make  500  pounds  of  butter  fat  on  the  complete  year's  test.  She  was 
milked  twice  a  day  during  the  entire  test  period.  She  ran  with  the  herd  in  the 
field  all  day  and  was  fed  hay  and  grain  at  night.  Her  grain  was  fed  as  an 
economical  feed  except  during  the  show  season,  August  15 '  to  November  20, 
when  she  was  on  the  road.  She  was  fed  about  1  pound  of  grain  to  3  pounds 
of  milk  while  at  home,  and  1  pound  of  grain  to  2%  pounds  of  milk  while  on  the 
show  circuit.  Her  grain  ration  at  home  consisted  of  about  50  per  cent  barley, 
25  per  cent  wheat  bran,  and  12%  per  cent  each  of  dried  beet  pulp  and  coconut 
meal.  On  the  road  the  per  cent  of  barley  was  reduced  somewhat  and  oats 
added.     (See  Fig.  8.) 

H.  L.  Walceham,  Santa  Ana. — Jim's  Wonder  was  fed  all  the  alfalfa  hay 
she  would  eat,  in  a  rack  in  the  corral,  and  bean  straw  with  molasses  sprinkled 
over  it  in  another  rack.  Like  the  other  cows  in  the  herd,  she  had  silage  made 
from  honey-dip  sorghum  before  her  in  the  corral  up  to  March  first,  and  Indian 
corn  silage  the  balance  of  the  year  (average,  about  35  pounds  a  day),  cotton  seed 
meal  at  the  rate  of  about  1%  pounds  daily  being  sprinkled  over  it.  A  grain 
ration  was  fed,  approximately  1  pound  for  every  4  pounds  of  milk;  it  was 
composed  as  follows:  dried  beet  pulp,  3  parts;  barley,  6  parts;  coconut  meal,  2 
parts;  and  wheat  bran,  1  part.  Green  sudan  grass  and  green  barley  were 
fed  during  April  and  the  early  part  of  May,  and  less  silage  was  then  fed.  The 
feeding  of  green  sudan  grass  continued  all  summer  till  November  first,  a  medium 
feed  of  20  to  25  pounds  being  eaten.  Mangels  were  fed  in  July,  unfortunately 
too  heavy,  so  that  she  went  off  feed  and  as  a  result  decreased  greatly  in  her 
production.     (See  page  207.) 

She  was  milked  twice  a  day  throughout  the  year  and  kept  in  the  corral  all 
the  time  except  during  milking  when  she  was  placed  in  a  stanchion  in  the  barn. 


DECREASE    IN    PRODUCTION    DURING    LACTATION    PERIOD 

The  average  production  of  the  cows  in  the  competition  for  each 
month  of  the  record  period  was  compiled  for  those  that  furnished  com- 
plete data  for  nine  or  ten  consecutive  months,  in  order  to  ascertain 


s  See  ' '  Description  of  Methods  of  Improving  the  Dairy  Herd  at  L.  A. 
County  Farm,"  by  W.  E.  Harriman,  in  California  Cultivator,  April  9,  1921; 
also  California  Cultivator,  May  13,  1922. 


BULLETIN   351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION 


223 


the  rate  of  decrease  in  production  of  milk  and  butter  fat  incident  to 
the  advance  of  the  lactation.  The  results  for  all  cows,  both  pure-breds, 
grades  and  common  cows  that  completed  the  record  period,  are  given 
in  Table  XIV ;  this  also  shows  the  percentage  decrease  in  the  produc- 
tion of  milk  and  butter  fat  for  each  month  of  the  lactation  period. 
Except  for  the  effects  of  delayed  breeding  or  the  failure  to  breed  in 
the  case  of  about  21  per  cent  of  the  number  of  cows  entered  (p.  196), 
it  is  believed  that  the  production  of  the  cows  represents  the  best  dairy 
practice  in  California  at  the  present  time. 


Table  XIV. — Decrease  in  Production  with  Advancing  Lactation,  by  Months. 

Totals  for  All  Cows. 


No.  of 
Records 
Included 

Average  per  Cow  per  Day 

Month 

Milk, 
Pounds 

Diff. 

Per 
Cent 

Butter  Fat 

Per 

Cent 

Pounds 

Diff. 

Per 
Cent 

First 

581 
584 
584 
584 
584 
584 
583 
568 
497 
286 

47.6 
47.3 
43.4 
40.0 
36.8 
33.5 
30.8 
27.3 
24.3 
22.0 

4.31 
4.23 
4.35 
4.41 
4.49 
4.55 
4.66 
4.80 
4.99 
4.93 

2.052 
2.001 
1.888 
1.764 
1.652 
1.524 
1.435 
1.310 
1.213 
1.085 

Second 

.3 
3.9 
3.4 
3.2 
3.3 
2.7 
3.5 
3.0 
2.3 

.6 
9.0 

8.5 

8.7 

9.9 

8.8 

12.8 

12.3 

10.5 

.051 
.113 
.124 
.112 

.128 
.089 
.125 
.097 

.128 

2.5 

Third 

6.0 

Fourth 

7.1 

Fifth 

6.8 

Sixth 

8.4 

Seventh 

6.2 

Eighth 

9.5 

Ninth 

8.0 

Tenth 

11.8 

The  compilations  given  in  the  table  show  that  the  cows  whose 
records  are  included,  yielded  on  the  average  47.6  pounds  milk  (about 
5%  gallons)  during  the  first  month  of  their  lactation  and  22.0  pounds 
during  the  last  month ;  the  average  yield  of  butter  fat  being  2.05  and 
1.09  pounds  for  the  first  and  the  last  month,  respectively.  During 
the  second  month  nearly  the  same  production  was  obtained  as  during 
the  first  month,  but  from  the  third  month  on,  a  rather  regular  decrease 
in  production  occurred  for  five  or  six  months,  of  about  9  per  cent  in 
milk  yield  and  7  per  cent  in  production  of  butter  fat.  The  decrease  in 
the  production  of  butter  fat  was  somewhat  higher  during  the  remain- 
ing months  of  the  lactation,  averaging  about  10  per  cent  per  month. 
The  decrease  in  production  due  to  advancing  lactation  obtained  for 
the  cows  in  this  competition  is  similar  to  that  found  elsewhere6  and 


6  Wisconsin  Experiment  Station  Bulletin,  102 ;  Research  Bulletin,  26 ;  Geneva 
(N.  Y.)  Experiment  Station  Report,  1886,  page  21;  Kentucky  Experiment  Station 
Bulletin,  106;  California  Experiment  Station  Bulletin,  301,  page  188. 


224 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


shows  the  extent  to  which  good  dairy  cows  fed  and  cared  for  according 
to  the  best  modern  dairy  methods  are  able  to  maintain  their  production 
during  the  progress  of  the  lactation. 

Considering  the  average  per  cent  of  butter  fat  during  the  various 
months  we  note  that  it  is  .08  per  cent  higher  during  the  first  month 
than  for  the  second  month,  after  which  time  there  was  a  gradual 
increase  of  about  .10  per  cent  per  month.  Ordinarily,  the  increase  in 
the  average  fat  content  of  the  milk  is  higher  than  this  during  the  last 
month  or  two  of  the  lactation  when  the  milk  flow,  as  a  rule,  decreases 
rather  rapidly  prior  to  the  cows  being  dried  up.  That  the  average 
butter  fat  test  during  the  second  month  is  lower  than  during  the 


Table  XV. — Changes  in  Production  and  Test  from  First  to  Second  Month 

of  Lactation  Period. 


Breed 


Pure-Bred  Holsteins 

Pure-Bred  Jerseys 

Other  Pure-Bred  Cows 

Grade  Holsteins 

Grade  Jerseys 

Grades  of  other  Breeds 

Mixed  Grades  or  Common  Cows. 

Pure-Bred  Cows 

Grades  and  Common  Cows 


No.  of 
Cows 

Milk, 
Pounds 

Butter  Fat 

Per  Cent 

Pounds 

96 

+    -1 

-.30 

-.207 

61 

+   -7 

+  .14 

+  .085 

34 

-1.6 

+  .04 

-.055 

161 

-1.2 

-.32 

-.213 

132 

+   -5 

+  .20 

+  .107 

57 

-1.3 

-.11 

-.102 

43 

+   .2 

+  .07 

+  .041 

191 

-    .1 

-.10 

-.056 

393 

-    .5 

-.07 

-.053 

first  month  is  mainly  due  to  the  influence  of  the  pure-bred  and  grade 
Holsteins  included  in  the  compilation.  The  only  other  group  that 
showed  a  similar  decrease  at  this  stage  of  the  lactation  was  the'  Ayr- 
shire, Shorthorn  and  Guernsey  grades.  The  changes  in  the  milk  and 
butter  fat  yields  and  the  butter  fat  test  for  these  two  months  for  the 
various  groups  of  cows  formed  for  the  purposes  of  these  compilations 
will  be  seen  from  Table  XV. 

There  is  a  definite  relation  between  the  quality  of  the  milk  yielded 
by  many  dairy  cows,  as  regards  its  fat  content,  during  the  entire 
lactation  period  and  especially  during  the  first  month,  and  their  body 
conditions  at  the  time  of  freshening.  Cows  in  a  fat  body  condition  at 
calving  time  will  produce  milk  of  a  higher  fat  content  directly  after 
parturition  and  the  average  fat  content  of  their  milk  for  the  entire 
lactation  will  be  higher  than  is  the  case  when  they  are  in  poor  flesh 
at  the  beginning  of  lactation.7 


7  Wisconsin  Station  Report,  19,  page  117;  20,  page  114;  Missouri  Station 
Bulletin,  100;  Storrs  (Connecticut)  Station  Bulletin,  94;  Jr.  Dairy  Science,  V 
(1922),  pp.  22-26. 


BULLETIN  351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION  225 

The  practice  of  feeding  dry  cows  liberal  fattening  rations  before 
they  ' '  come  in, ' '  preparatory  to  placing  them  on  official  or  yearly  tests 
after  freshening,  has  been  adopted  by  many  breeders  of  Holstein 
cattle,  and  Holstein  cows  seem  to  have  a  special  faculty  to  "put  on 
flesh"  at  this  time.  The  pure-bred  and  the  grade  Holsteins  in  the 
competition  were  the  only  cows  (except  to  some  extent  grades  of  other 
breeds),  that  showed  a  decrease  in  the  average  fat  content  of  the  milk 
from  the  first  to  the  second  month,  indicating  that  this  is  a  breed  char- 
acteristic and  not  found  to  any  appreciable  extent  at  least  in  repre- 
sentatives of  other  breeds.  It  is  of  value  mainly  in  connection  with 
short-time  tests  conducted  immediately  after  freshening,  but  also,  as 
suggested,  because  it  insures  a  milk  secretion  of  the  highest  fat  content 
which  the  cows  are  capable  of  producing,  during  the  entire  subsequent 
lactation. 

GENERAL   DISCUSSION 

The  object  of  the  Dairy  Cow  Competition  described  in  the  pre- 
ceding pages  was  similar  to  that  of  the  competition  conducted  by 
the  College  of  Agriculture  in  1916-18,  to  demonstrate  the  value  of 
production  records  of  dairy  cows  and  the  possibilities  of  good  cows, 
whether  pure-bred  or  grade,  for  a  large  dairy  production  under  the 
conditions  present  in  this  state.  It  was  conducted  as  a  phase  of  the 
educational  work  of  the  College  for  the  advancement  of  the  dairying 
industry  of  the  state.  It  is  gratifying  to  note  that  the  results  fully 
came  up  to  the  expectations  of  those  responsible  for  its  planning  and 
conduct,  and  that  it  greatly  exceeded  the  former  competition  in  the 
number  of  cows  entered,  the  number  of  participating  dairymen  and 
breeders,  and  the  number  of  high  records  reached  by  the  cows.  The 
competition  created  great  interest  among  dairy  farmers  and  breeders 
of  dairy  cattle  in  all  parts  of  the  state  who  followed  closely  its  progress 
as  the  results  were  made  public  from  month  to  month.  There  was  a 
friendly  rivalry  among  the  participants  to  reach  distinction  as  to  high 
production  records  both  for  the  various  months  and  for  the  complete 
record  period. 

As  has  been  previously  stated,  never  in  the  history  of  our  dairy 
industry  have  so  many  high  records  of  production  been  secured  in  a 
breed  contest  or  a  dairy  cow  competition,  as  in  the  one  here  reported. 
It  is  shown  that  pure-bred  dairy  cows  raised  and  developed  in  this 
state  rank  with  the  best  found  elsewhere  and  it  is,  therefore,  not 
necessary  to  go  outside  of  the  state  for  breeding  stock  unless  it  is  con- 
sidered of  importance  to  secure  some  of  the  blood  of  special  families 
not  represented  here.  That  cows  of  the  various  breeds  of  the  highest 
type  and  productive  capacity  are  found  within  our  borders  will  be 


226  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

readily  seen  from  the  results  obtained  in  the  two  state  competitions 
now  completed  and  from  an  examination  of  any  of  the  leading  dairy 
herds  in  the  state. 

The  value  of  a  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition  is  not,  however, 
limited  to  the  opportunities  it  affords  breeders  of  pure-bred  cattle 
to  establish  high  production  records  and  to  obtain  the  benefit  of  the 
advertising  that  such  records  carry  with  them.  It  has  a  more  impor- 
tant value  to  the  vast  majority  of  dairy  farmers  who  have  no  pure- 
breds  and  who  but  rarely  know  how  much  their  individual  cows  are 
producing  or  how  a  maximum  production  may  be  secured  from  them. 
To  these  dairymen  the  results  of  production  tests  of  grade  and  common 
cows  are  of  primary  interest  and  importance.  They  suggest  the  pos- 
sibilities for  improvement  of  their  own  herds  and  resulting  increased 
returns  for  their  labors.  Records  made  by  cows  in  herds  in  one's 
own  community  carry  special  weight  in  this  respect.  Frequently 
results  obtained  with  their  own  cows  often  come  as  a  surprise  to 
farmers  and  through  the  stimulus  these  afford  they  lead  to  better 
feed  and  care  for  all  promising  cows  in  their  herds.  Striking  examples 
from  this  and  earlier  competitions  conducted  in  our  own  state  and 
elsewhere  might  be  cited  showing  that  many  dairy  farmers  and 
breeders  trace  their  success  in  the  dairy  business  to  the  knowledge 
gained  in  the  competition  and  the  incentive  toward  improvement  which 
this  furnished. 

The  records  of  production  of  grade  and  common  cows  that  were 
secured  in  this  competition  were  truly  remarkable,  amounting  in  the 
case  of  a  large  number  of  cows  to  over  six  and  even  seven  hundred 
pounds  of  butter  fat  in  ten  months,  and  in  the  case  of  ten  cows  in  the 
herd,  they  averaged  over  five  hundred  pounds.  They  illustrate  in  a 
striking  manner  the  possibilities  of  improvement  through  liberal  feed- 
ing, disposal  of  low  producers,  and  breeding  to  good  pure-bred  dairy 
sires.  These  means  may  be  readily  adopted  by  any  one  ambitious  to 
secure  the  best  returns  for  his  labors,  but  no  permanent  success  can  be 
reached  except  through  painstaking,  systematic  practices,  including  a 
knowledge  of  the  individual  requirements  of  each  cow.  The  results  of 
such  efforts  are  evidenced  in  most  of  the  herds  represented  in  the  com- 
petition, and  a  study  of  the  dairy  methods  adopted  by  their  owners 
given  in  this  bulletin  should  well  repay  both  inexperienced  and  old 
dairymen.  It  is  hoped  that  the  teachings  of  this  competition  and  the 
enthusiasm  for  good  cows  that  it  created  will  prove  a  powerful  aid 
in  advancing  the  dairy  industry  of  the  state,  and  in  making  dairy 
farming  a  good  business  to  follow  here,  one  that  will  give  adequate 
returns  measured  in  human  contentment  and  happiness,  as  well  as  in 
increased  prosperity. 


Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA   STATE   DAIRY    COW    COMPETITION 


227 


APPENDIX 

Note. — Ayr.,  Ayrshire;  G.,  Guernsey;  H.,  Holstein;  J.,  Jersey;  Sh.,  Shorthorn; 
Gr.,  grade;  M.,  mature  cow. 

B,  barred  from  competing  for  prizes  on  account  of  breeding  record. 

The  record  period  is  ten  months  (305  days)  in  all  cases,  except  when  otherwise 
stated  in  footnotes. 

Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


Adohr  Stock  Farms,  Van  Nuys 
Leola  of  Sunny  Slope  2d,  60046.... 

Yeksa  Martin,  5771.1 

Loraine's  Princess  of  Atk.,  55060 

Marie  of  Golden  G.,  76800 

Daisy  of  Sunny  View,  49002 

Lulena,  56762 

Princess  Else  of  B.  A.,  47855 

Ramona'a  Pride  of  Adohr,  88950 
Miss  Nancy  of  Sunny  SI.,  60045.. 

Vera   of  Golden  Gl.,  76799 

May  Queen  of  Adohr,  90313 

C-269 

C-319 

6-60 

C-210 

C-26 

C-329 

C-33 

C-113 

C-9 

C-443 

C-46 

C-235 

C-338 

C-2 

C-263 

C-466 

C-343 

C-170 

C-310 

C-469 

C-392 

C-345 

C-421 

C-22 : 

C-4 


Breed 


G. 

G. 

G. 

G. 

G. 

G. 

G. 

G. 

G. 

G. 

G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 


Age 


Yr.        Mo 


10 


Days  in 
Milk  at 
Beg.  of 
Record 


5 
5 

82 

12 
5 

19 
5 
5 
105 
6 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
6 
5 
5 
5 
7 
5 
7 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 

10 
5 
5 
5 


Milk, 
Lbs. 


9641 
9015 
7342 
7094 
6566 
6212 
7305 
5911 
3800 
4973 
4474 

11903 
9710 

10121 

11759 
8766 
8541 
8176 
9974 
9102 
7318 
8543 

10597 
8526 
8572 
9549 
8176 
8803 
9515 
9758 
7394 
7697 
7120 
7212 
8357 

10191 


Butter  Fat 


Ave.  %        Lbs. 


5.60 
5.15 
5.68 
5.29 
5.50 
5.66 


5.57 
6.62 
4.95 
5.16 
4.48 
5.36 
5.05 
4.13 
5.51 
5.50 
5.54 
4.36 
4.63 
5.67 
4.84 
3.85 
4.76 
4.66 
4.16 
4.83 
4.47 
4.10 


539 . 74 
463.97 
417.30 
374.99 
360.91 
351.53 
289.31 
329.23 
251.43 
245.01 
230.70 
532.94 
520.19 
511.27 
485.90 
482.60 
469.40 
445.71 
434.98 
421.63 
414.88 
413.11 
408.78 
405.65 
399.74 
397.53 
395.31 
393.70 
389 . 87 
389.42 
385 . 26 
382.33 
378.70 
377.49 
369.65 
361.98 


Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


539.74 

463.97b 

417.30 

442.49b 

360.911 

351.532 

289.313 

408.25 

251.43b 

281.76 

299.91b 

532.94* 

520.19b 

511.27b 

485.90 

482 . 60 

469 . 40b 

445.71b 

434.98 

421.635 

539.34 

413. II6 

408.78 

405.65 

399.74b2 

397.53 

490.18b 

393. 707 

389 . 878 

389.42 

477.72b 

382.33 

378.70 

377.49 

369 . 659 

361.98 


1  243  days;  2  273  days;  3  300  days;  4  283  days;  5  302  days;  6  303  days:  7  256  davs:  8294 
days;    9  276    days;    10  231    days;    "255    days;    12  286    days;    "233    days;    14  257    days;    ,5  275 
days:    lfi  267    days;    17  242    days;    18  289    days;    1<J  266    days 
days;    »  295    days;    24  212    days;    25  206    days;    26  258    days 
days;    30  297    days;    31  278    days;    32  250    days;    33  265    days;    34  298    days;    35  271    days;    3G  262 


20  253    days;    21  291    davs 
263    days;    »  285    days: 


22  245 

29  272 


days;  37  293  days;    38  292    days;  39  241    days;  40  280    davs 

days;  44  244  days;    45  211    days;  4e  277    days;  47  217   days; 

days;  51  260  days;    52237    days;  5S  264   days;  54  269    days; 

davs;  58239  days;    59  287    davs;  60  240    days;  «  191    days; 

days;  C5  304  days;    66  219   days. 


41  281  days;  42  261    days;    43  274 

"238  days;  49  301    days;    50  268 

279  days;  M  296    days;    57  299 

248  days;  63  259    days;    64  216 


228 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition, 

(Continued) 


1920-22 


Breed 

Age 

Days  in 
Milk  at 
Beg.  of 
Record 

Milk, 
Lbs. 

Butter  Fat 

Credit 
for 

Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 

Yr. 

Mo. 

Ave.  % 

Lbs. 

Butter  Fat, 
Lbs. 

C-248 

Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  G. 

Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 

5 
6 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 

15 

7 

29 

5 

31 

30 

80 

5 

6 

5 

5 

15 

5 

11 

105 

60 

60 

6 

50 

43 

71 

50 

26 

24 

190 

5 

47 

86 

10 

6 

120 

52 

6 

131 

8217 
7438 
7683 
6471 
8277 
6716 
6262 
6081 
5610 
7301 
7214 
5607 
6867 
7027 
7542 
5885 
6192 
5564 

14708 

12707 

12179 

11980 

13751 

8825 

8654 

10711 

12880 

10120 

.    10903 

11457 

10420 

10979 

11030 

9584 

9328 

11652 

10130 

7974 

8131 

8890 

9300 

9864 

8464 

8412 

9424 

7095 

9703 

8343 

7176 

7540 

8012 

6186 

4.40 
4.80 
4.57 
5.42 
4.23 
5.21 
5.46 
5.55 
5.98 
4.54 
4.56 
•5.65 
4.61 
4.41 
4.02 
4.74 
4.42 
4.74 

4.40 
4.08 
4.25 
4.30 
3.57 
5.43 
5.41 
4.04 
3.49 
4.26 
3.93 
3.74 
4.05 
3.83 
3.80 
4.27 
4.39 
3.49 
3.96 
4.89 
4.76 
4.32 
4.13 
3.89 
4.46 
4.42 
3.94 
4.89 
3.52 
4.06 
4.64 
4.36 
4.06 
5.22 

361.70 
357.36 
350.80 
350.51 
350.08 
349.92 
341.95 
337.26 
335.71 
331.01 
328.95 
316.85 
316.42 
309.96 
302.88 
279.13 
273 . 83 
263.78 

647.76 
518.45 
517.06 
514.60 

490 . 66 
478.83 
468.41 
432.77 
449 . 89 
431.28 
428.67 
428.31 
422.34 
420.55 
419.08 
409.63 
409.56 

406 . 67 
401.63 
389.65 
387.36 
383.67 
383 . 66 
383.28 
377.46 
371.44 
371.40 
346.83 
341.24 
338.55 
333.28 
328.74 
325.64 
322.65 

361  70b 

C-459 

2 

M 

6 

443  13 

C-115  ... 

350  8010 

C-93 

350  SI^b 

C-86 

M 
M 
2 

2 
3 

M 
M 

2 
2 

M 

350  0812 

C-88 

349  92" 

C-461 

C-457 

C-446 

C-29  

8 
8 
2 

424.02* 
418.206b 
396.14 
331  0l14 

C-397  . 

328  95b 

C-418 

5 
3 

411.91 

C-460 

C-163 

411.35 
309  9611 

C-8 

302  88 

C-468 

2 

M 
M 

2 

362 .  87i5 

C-23  ... 

273  83b 

C-16     . 

263  7816 

Arden  Certified  Dairy,  El  Monte 
No  982 

647.76 

No  865 

518  45 

No.  241 

10 

517. O617 

No    164 

514  60 

No.  68.. 

490 . 66b 

No.  203  . 

478.83 

No  236  . 

468.41b 

No  249 

432.7718 

No  48 

449 . 89 

No  902 

431.28 

No  910..  .. 

428 . 67 

No  35  .. 

428.31 

No   880  . 

422 .  3419 

No   252 

420 . 55 

No  79 

419.08 

No  976 

409 .  632°b 

No.  82 

409. 562 

No.  981 

406.67b 

No.  925 

401.63 

No.  202 

388.65 

No  89 

387.362i 

No  225 

383. 672 

No    188  . 

383. 6622 

No  220  . 

383 .  2823 

No   63 

377.46b 

No.  54 

2 

6 

460.59 

No   57 

371.40b 

No  963 

346.831 

No  970 

341. 242" 

No  968 

338. 5524 

No.  233  .... 

333.28 

No.  222 

328. 7422 

No  942  . 

325.64 

No   108 

Gr.  H. 

1 

322.6516b 

1 

Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA   STATE   DAIRY    COW   COMPETITION 


229 


Ten-Month  Records, 


California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition, 

(Continued) 


1920-22— 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


No.  34... 
No.  971. 
No.  28... 
No.  992. 
No.  890. 
No.  19... 


Anita  M.  Baldwin,  Santa  Anita 

Mabel  Aouda,  178730 

Anoakia  Gelsche  Pont.  W., 

405699 

Anoakia  Walker  Pont.,  448042 

Lady  Lilith  Walker  De  K., 57 1156 
Thelma  Riverside  Walker.446092 

Ellen  Walker  Hartog,  541747 

Anoakia  Walker  Johanna,  400148 
Anoakia  Riverside  2d,  446755 


Dean  Beeman,  Woodland 

Jacobina,  245278 

Capunista,  245279 

Johanna  Heng.  Capuna,  345454... 

Jean  NaDean  De  K,  592442 

Bernice  NaDean  De  K.,  592441. 

Queen  NaDean  De  K.,  682942 

Betty  NaDean  De  K.,  636475 

Bylaria,  159714 

Myrtle  NaDean  DeK.,  666146... 

Berylwood  Stock  Farm,  Hueneme 

Romeanna  Douwe,  209866 

Fay  Tritomia  Heng.  W.,  411140 
Douwe  Pontiac,  376870 


Eugene  Biondini,  Ferndale 

Shortie's  Best 

Rachael 

Brownie 

Rosalie 

Midget 

Twinnie 

Hannah 

No.  1910 

No.  62 

Ruby 

Dottie 

Judy 


Bonnikson  Bros.,  Ferndale 

Financial  C's  Lor.  D.,  304891 

Bonnie's  Financial  Lor.,  397486  .. 
Figgi's  Loretta  of  I.  J.  F.,  421258.. 

Pearly  Exile  of  C.  V.,  397484 

Cicero's  Spotted  P.,  397482 


Breed 


Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 


Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 


Age 


Yr.        Mo 


10 

2 

11 

8 

2 

5 

4 

7 


Days  in 
Milk  at 
Beg.  of 
Record 


67 

8 

125 

102 

120 


5 
5 

10 
126 
5 
5 
5 
5 

13 


Milk, 
Lbs. 


9807 
6642 
8941 
5817 
5311 
4902 


20198 

18997 
18358 
16619 
14759 
13439 
12207 
10050 


21886 
19149 
18434 
16384 
16607 
16006 
12169 
11040 
9585 


19313 
17441 
16851 


9882 

11735 

11305 

8170 

9597 

9756 

8553 

10405 

7901 

8167 

8097 

7437 


11504 
8697 
7892 
6107 

6677 


Butter  Fat 


Ave.  % 


3.54 

4.69 
3.16 
4.25 
4.24 
4.35 


3.39 

3.46 
3.38 
3.57 
3.53 
5.56 
3.54 
3.69 


3.07 


3.33 
3.32 
3.18 
2.80 
3.69 
3.59 
3.36 


3.31 
3.64 
3.66 


6.20 
5.15 
5.33 
6.84 
5.68 
5.58 
5.98 
4.63 
5.98 
5.47 
4.86 
5.16 


6.00 
6.19 
5.85 
6.02 
5.37 


Lbs. 


315.12 
311.26 
282.59 
247.32 
225 . 35 
213.14 


682.51 

658.39 
620.94 
593.22 
520 . 52 
479.01 
432.16 
371.02 


672.03 
643.50 
613.93 

544.58 
528.29 
448.94 
448.67 
396.46 
322 . 20 


638.87 
635.30 
617.30 


612.71 
603.88 
602.66 
558.68 
545.04 
544.52 
511.07 
481.50 
472.45 
446.98 
393 . 54 
383.62 


689.97 
538.31 
461.97 
367.51 
357.39 


Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


315.121 

311.261 

282 .  5922b 

247.3225 

225.351% 

213.1426b 


682.51b 

776.90b 

769.97 

735.5922 

614.2123 

622.7112 

506.95b 

460.06b 


672.03 

643.50 

644.62 

675.28 

623.38 

583.62 

583.27 

396.4627 

418.86 


638 . 87b 
730 . 60 
709 . 89 


612.71 

603.88 

602.66 

558.6828 

545.0419 

626 .  2028 

587.7328 

481.5028 

472.4529 

446.98 

393.549 

383 .  6222 


689 . 97b 
581.38b 
572.85b 
396.91b 
375.26b 


230 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22- 

(Continued) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


N.  L.  Browning,  Hemet 
Segis  DeK.  Bess,  403729 

Burr  Farm,  Los  Angeles 

Zampa  Annie  L.  2nd.,  313383 

Amelia  Bona  DeK.,  182849 

Bess  Aaggie  Cr.,  500684 

Goshen  Snowb.  Pont.,  323813 

Dorothy  Kornd.  Burke,  420622  .. 
Queen  of  Fa'rl.  Lincoln,  337929  .. 
Helm  Segis  Mead  Kornd.,  349720 

Durasia  Canary,  378491 

Anoakia  Alcartra  Segis,  335553  .. 

Canary  Fanny  S.  V.,  470286 

Lady  Veeman  H.  T.,  511246 

S.  V.  K.  P.  Cantate  of  S.,  466273 

J.  M.  Christen,  Pacheco 

Talima  DeK.  Ormsby,  453350  .... 

Comeda  Gelsche  W.,  506989 

Queen  Contenta  Ale,  453349 

Goldy  Pont.  W.  Col.,  460382 

Frances  Lone  Oak  K.,  532291 

Snail  Sarcastic 

Skylark  Sarcastic 

Aralia  Pietertje 

Chief  Josephine  Pietertje 

Arcartra  Sarcastic 

Canon  Sarcastic 

Clothilde  Sarcastic 

Emmy  Hengerveld 

Sheep  Walker 

Beauty  Hengerveld 

Aralia  Walker 

Idlewild  Walker 

Colantha  Hengerveld 

Alcartra  Walker 

Leo  Christen,  Waddington 

Buttercup 

Mama  Jersey 

Newberg 

Mousie 

Roan 

Bridget 

Coaly 

Lily 

Black  Beauty 

Daisy 

Nig 

Helene 

Blue 

Coconut  King 

Young  Lumpjaw 


H. 

H. 

H. 

H. 

H. 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 


Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 


Gr. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.  H. 

Gr. 

Gr. 
Gr.Sh. 

Gr. 

Gr. 

Gr. 

Gr. 

Gr. 

Gr. 

Gr. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.  H. 


Age 


Yr.        Mo. 


Days  in 

Milk  at 

Milk, 

Butter  Fat 

Beg.  of 

Lbs. 

Record 

Ave.  % 

Lbs. 

5 

18186 

3.60 

655.02 

33 

21579 

3.16 

681.41 

6 

20688 

3.18 

658.23 

5 

19277 

2.95 

569 . 10 

6 

17876 

3.18 

567.23 

9 

19606 

2.78 

544.40 

33 

13802 

3.87 

533.55 

52 

15225 

3.46 

526.21 

5 

17687 

2.93 

518.77 

34 

14900 

3.35 

499.76 

5 

16048 

2.99 

480.33 

7 

13361 

3.56 

475.85 

5 

13397 

3.03 

405.92 

5 

10579 

3.07 

324.27 

5 

8604 

3.47 

298.19 

5 

9343 

3.10 

289.55 

6 

7175 

3.21 

240 . 52 

5 

6775 

3.37 

227.63 

5 

7852 

5.36 

420.69 

11 

9508 

4.33 

411.28 

5 

10088 

3.97 

400.66 

5 

8487 

3.95 

334.83 

5 

7417 

4.21 

312.23 

5 

8022 

3.88 

311.21 

5 

7983 

3.80 

303 . 53 

5 

7928 

3.71 

294.00 

5 

7022 

3.89 

273.24 

5 

7105 

3.79 

269 . 09 

5 

6663 

3.95 

263 . 52 

8 

6216 

3.82 

237.29 

5 

6214 

3.32 

206.46 

5 

7175 

3.50 

251.23 

5 

9010 

5.46 

492.36 

5 

9163 

5.34 

489 . 65 

5 

12105 

3.68 

445.28 

5 

8250 

5.22 

430.61 

5 

9731 

4.36 

424.30 

5 

8883 

4.33 

384 . 80 

5 

9704 

3.96 

384 . 26 

5 

8571 

4.43 

379.82 

5 

8939 

4.21 

375.89 

5 

7629 

4.82 

367.63 

5 

8759 

4.09 

358.50 

5 

7619 

4.42 

337.23 

5 

8712 

3.79 

329 . 83 

5 

8398 

3.83 

321.80 

5 

9872 

3.25 

321.23 

Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


707.42 


681.41b 

658.23 

614.63 

595.59 

626.06 

613.58 

605 . 142 

596.58 

539.74b 

585.61 

590.05 

503.34 


402.105 

387.6530 

359.0523 

298.25 

295.92 

483.79 

431.84 

460 .  763i 

361.62 

327.84 

336.11 

318.71 

364 . 56 

355.2128 

333 .  6723 

342.58 

308.48 

256.0132 

326.605b 


498.365 

489 .  6533 

512.07bis 

495. 2012 

424.3031 

384.803 

384. 261* 

379 .  8235 

375.8936 

422. 78* 

412.2837 

418.1738 

329 .  8339 

321.80b8 

321.2339 


Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA   STATE   DAIRY    COW    COMPETITION 


231 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22- 

(Continued) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


M.  P.  Christensen,  Norwalk 

Marken  Louise,  281431 

D.  F.  Conant,  Modesto 

Lady  Kate's  Rossette,  361239 

Lambert's  Glory  P.,  31831 

The  Owl's  Nymph,  266873 

Lady  Kate's  Belle,  391823 

Mamie  Owl,  261075 

Belle's  Goldie,  425337 

Pearl's  Irish  Rose,  445067 

Sally's  Loretta,  450078 

Marguerite  Conant,  Modesto 

Hecla's  Margery,  318730 

/.  W.  Coppini,  Ferndale 

Noble's  Sayda  Polo,  307199 

Olga  Fern's  Olga,  355244 

Olga  Fern  Smith,  260366 

Hazel  Marigold  of  F.,  391596 

St.  Helier's  Mabel  D.,  421981 

Chiephena  2nd,  388779 

Marigold  of  Ferndale,  275349 

Viva  l'America,  421856 

Fior's  Madi  of  F.,  474640 

St.  Helier's  Easter  Lily,  468671  .. 
Lady  Mc 

S.  J.  Damon,  Ferndale 

Brownie 

Bertha 

Bessie 

Whitie 

Shorty 

Nig 

Pearl 

Molly 

Pet 

Rosie 

Ruby 

Beauty 

Fanny 

Brindle 

Myrtle 

R.  H.  Davis,  Modesto 

Ciruela  Mechthilde  Pont.,  406721 

Bonita  Pontiac,  406720 

Ciruela  Mechth.  Col.,  507699 

L.  A.  Driver,  Nicolaus 

Queen  Pontiac  W.,  300950 

Lady  Silver  DeK.  Kornd.,  284462 


Breed 


J. 
J. 
J. 
J. 
J. 
J. 
J. 
J. 
J. 
J. 
Gr.J. 


Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.  J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 


Age 


Yr.        Mo. 


Days  in 
Milk  at 
Beg.  of 
Record 


Milk, 
Lbs- 


20171 


12492 
9593 
8499 
8326 
7289 
4607 
5097 
3660 


7481 


9120 
9604 
9901 
8778 
8202 
8167 
7763 
5964 
5524 
5187 
11585 


7791 
9285 
6636 
8402 
8334 
7103 
6354 
8746 
6981 
5918 
5859 
5647 
5239 
7394 
7096 


13260 
13385 
11860 


19171 
14227 


Butter  Fat 


Ave.  %        Lbs. 


3.32 


5.30 
5.30 
4.99 
5.01 
5.41 
5.65 
4.80 
5.74 


5.50 


7.15 
5.82 
5.42 
5.47 
5.79 
5.52 
5.61 
5.96 
6.08 
5.51 
4.36 


5.42 
4.54 
6.34 
4.93 
4.89 
5.67 
5.75 
4.16 
4.94 
5.53 
5.57 
5.78 
6.20 
4.38 
4.22 


3.42 
3.30 
3.64 


668.94 


661.64 
508.60 
424.42 
416.76 
394.54 
260.11 
244.44 
210.09 


411.44 


652.27 
559.01 
536.42 
481.02 
475.19 
450.89 
435.85 
355.52 
336.06 
285.58 
505.21 


422.00 
421.91 
421.02 
414.33 
407.89 
402.57 
365.62 
363 . 59 
344.69 
327.04 
326.45 
326.35 
324 . 67 
324 . 14 
299 . 19 


453.18 
442.27 
431.90 


560.86 
476.14 


Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


.94 


661.64b 

508.60b 

424.42b 

416.76b 

394.54 

322.54 

317.762 

273.12 


411.44b 


652.27 
559.01 
536.42 
553 . 17 
591.29 
450.89 
435.85 
440.85 
436 . 88 
371.25 
505.21 


422.00 
421.91 
522. 0712 
414.3334 
407. 89« 
402.57" 
453.37 
363 . 593 
427 . 42 
425.15 
404. 80« 
404.6731 
422.07 
340. 35« 
299 .  1935 


534 .  7535 
520.69 
561. 4716 


560.86 
476.14b 


232 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22- 

(Continued) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


Roseland  Gelsche  W.,  287523 

Anthelmo  DeK.  Burke,  284461... 
Lady  Silver  Gloss  DeK.,  212800 
Pauline  Cornucopia  W.,  375868  . 
Anselmo  Snowfl.  Cornucop., 

300949 

Sadie  Creamcup  DeK.,  405003 

Miss  Gerben  Col.  Fayne,  366162. 

W.  F.  Early,  Grizzly  Bluff 

Rosy 

Little  Darling 

Lineback 

Pencil 

Roamy 

Creamcup 

Butterfly 

Pet 

Jack  Rabbit 

Granny 

Little  Rose 

Darky 

Humboldt  Maid 

Norene 

Buck 

Cripple 

Black  Ward 

Tell  Tale 

Brindle 

Annie 

Dandy 

Goldie 

Golden  Beauty 

Blue  Belle 

M.J.  &  B.  A.  Edwards,  Ripon 

Sarcastic  Dora  of  M.,  155782 

Squaw  Queen  DeK.,  221149 

Mechthilde  Aralia  W.,  369157 

El  Mirador  Dairy,  Pasadena 

Belle 

No.  53 

No.  112 

No.  129 

No.  32 

No.  93 

Speck 

No.  1 

No.  109 : 

Blue  Belle 

Bobbie 


Breed 


Gr. 
Gr.J. 

Gr. 

Gr. 

Gr. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 

Gr. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.  J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 


Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 

Gr.J. 
Gr.  H 

Gr.J. 
Gr.  H 


Age 


Yr.        Mo. 


10 


Days  in 
Milk  at 
Beg.  of 
Record 


Milk, 
Lbs. 


14496 
15299 
13111 
14146 

13718 
13970 
11391 


11570 

10778 

9316 

10857 

12193 

8823 

10026 

10201 

7734 

12245 

11874 

10944 

8180 

8371 

7817 

9484 

8390 

7881 

8596 

7913 

6715 

7625 

5272 

4844 


20839 
16041 
12642 


16302 
13829 
11759 
10186 
13347 
11737 
11949 

8354 
11284 

7743 
10274 


Butter  Fat 


Ave.  %   Lbs 


3.23 
3.03 
3.54 
3.15 

3.12 
3.05 
3.52 


53 
.95 
45 
.79 
4.57 
5.93 
3.71 
3.82 
4.14 
5.50 
5.29 
5.62 
4.62 
5.18 
5.34 
4.85 
4.96 
5.33 
4.41 
6.02 
6.54 


3.30 
3.32 
3.34 


4.06 
4.22 
4.89 
5.29 
3.53 
3.97 
3.78 
4.85 
3.48 
4.73 
3.27 


467.55 
465.00 
464.11 
446.17 

428.55 
426.41 
401.49 


571.47 
569.54 
527.28 
492.14 
481.38 
480 . 42 
479.88 
465.84 
458.67 
454 . 34 
454.13 
453.35 
450.04 
443.16 
439.13 
438.04 
434.78 
420.83 
417.02 
392.27 
358.09 
336.16 
317.54 
316.97 


687.71 
531.88 
421.84 


662.55 
584.09 
575.90 
539.34 
471.38 
465.68 
451.09 
409 . 94 
392.37 
366.02 
335.60 


Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


467.55b 
465.00b 
464.11 
513.10 

428.55b 
460.53b 
421.56b 


571.47 

569.54 

527.28 

492.14 

481.38 

595.72 

479.88 

535.72 

458.67 

454 . 34 

422.25 

453.35 

558.05b 

443.16 

439.13 

438.04 

434.78 

420.83 

417.02b 

486.4215 

465.52 

336.1622b 

412.80 

412.06 


687.71 
531.88 
442.93b 


662.55 

584.09 

575.90 

539.34 

471.38b 

465.68 

451.09 

404.94b 

392.3739 

366.02b 

362.45b 


BULLETIN  351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION 


233 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22- 

(Continued) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


C.  E.  Fisher,  Hughson 

Minnesota 

Juliet 

Wisconsin 

Trixie 

Illinois 

Iowa  

Oregon 

Colorado 

Lady's  Lettie  of  Claremont 

Vermont 

New  York 

Tennessee 

Indiana 

M .  Fortini,  Orland 

Silverine  Pearl's  D,  363607. 
Jewel  of  Tintagel,  451901.... 

S.  G.  Gambonini,  Petaluma 

Jersey 

Bandera 

Captain 

Smith 

Columbine 

Teresino 

Teresa 

Bill 

Primo 

General 

Gambonini  &  Bolla,  Petaluma 

Ayrshire 

Franchesca 

J.  A.  Genzoli,  Loleta 

Jill 

Blue  Spot 

Sarah 

Dollie 

Brownie 

Fannie 

Pansy 

Princess 

Maggie 

Josie 

Star 

Lena 

Baby 

Ruby 

May 


Breed 


Gr.  J. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.G. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.G. 
Gr.J. 


Gr.J. 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H 


Gr.Ay 
Gr.  H 


Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 


Age 


Yr.       Mo. 


Days  in 
Milk  at 
Beg.  of 
Record 


Milk, 
Lbs. 


10176 
12445 
9304 
9213 
6521 
7025 
6666 
4293 
6083 
5208 
5616 
5613 
5702 


8870 
7315 


8954 

10697 

12513 

9990 

10774 

9428 

9400 

8918 

10085 

8229 


11197 
9902 


10331 

12899 

11791 

10559 

9566 

9954 

10233 

9370 

8651 

9073 

9828 

8368 

9964 

7140 

7302 


Butter  Fat 


Ave.  %   Lbs. 


4.89 
3.80 
4.51 
4.12 
5.43 
5.01 
4.96 
6.13 
4.32 
5.01 
4.56 
4.39 
4.27 


5.91 

4.78 


5.97 
4.42 
3.65 
4.24 
3.59 
4.04 
4.04 
4.12 
3.61 
4.40 


3.64 
3.93 


6.39 
4.86 
5.18 
5.58 
6.05 
5.74 
5.55 
5.80 
6.04 
5.48 
5.06 
5.84 
4.82 
5.25 
5.05 


497.21 
473.45 
419.35 
380.04 
353.79 
352.16 
330.90 
263.23 
262.87 
260.72 
256.32 
246.32 
243.29 


518.84 
349.92 


534.52 
472.47 
456.40 
423.33 
386.87 
380.91 
379.92 
368.03 
363.76 
361.86 


407.46 
389.26 


660.49 
627.16 
610.77 
588.94 
578.79 
570.98 
567.87 
543.44 
522.29 
496.89 
496.85 
488.34 
479.78 
375.11 
368.90 


Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


586.71 

473.45b 

494.83b 

380.04 

417.47 

457.81 

390.46 

342.20 

262.87 

338.94 

317.842 

320.22 

287.08 


560.34 
454.90b 


534.52 
543.34 
456.40 
423.33 
456.51 
472.33 
379.923 
478.44 
472.89 
361.8622 


468.58 
408.72 


660.49 

627.16 

610.77 

636. 06« 

578.79 

570.98b 

596 . 26 

543.44 

522.29 

471.42 

496.85 

605.54 

479.78 

487.64b 

368. 904° 


234 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22 — 

(Continued) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


Earl  Graham,  Compton 

Princess  Maida  Veeman,  467343 
Gamma  Sarcastic  of  L.,  263517  .. 

Cora  Jarie  Pont.,  369154 

May  Walker  G.  Kornd,  379540.... 

Miss  Segis  Pont  S.,  465746 

Rose 

Tomie 

Peggie 

Brownie 

Montana 

Alice 

Pansy 

Mand 

Black  Emma 

Spot 

Pinkie 

Brown  Jersey 

Niger 

Spencer 

Hauser 

Niger  Heifer 

No.  5 

Belle 

Smithy 

White  Emma 

Valentine 

Colantha 

No.  21 

H.  G.  Gross,  Eureka 

Cynthia  of  Butler  Valley,  309344 

Lydia's  Valentine,  504975 

Cynthia's  Raleigh  G.,  449974 

Raleigh's  Echo  Girl,  434017 

Francesca  of  Eureka,  479276 

Raleigh's  Peggy  Mabel,  453738.... 

Marion's  Fancy  Girl,  403445 

Golden  Eminent's  Fancy  G., 

449980 

Raleigh's  Frankie  Maggie,  434018 

Raleigh's  Angussie  G.,  449976 

Raleigh's  Frankie  Tulip,  434019.. 

Gertie's  Fairy  Tulip,  449977 

Raleigh's  Fairy  Cynthia,  479278 

J.  B.  Harbers,  Waddington 

Nellie 

Daisy 

Fancy 

Polly 

Champion 


Days  in 

Age 

Milk  at 

Breed 

Beg.  of 

Yr. 

Mo. 

Record 

H. 

3 

5 

7 

H. 

6 

11 

5 

H. 

4 

0 

5 

H. 

4 

10 

5 

H. 

2 

3 

6 

Gr.Sh. 
Gr.  H. 

48 
5 

4 

Gr.J. 

4 

5 

Gr.  H. 

3 

4 

5 

Gr.  H. 

M 

6 

Gr.  H. 

2 

6 

6 

Gr.  H. 

4 

2 

10 

Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 

32 
'5 

5 

Gr.  H. 

Gr.Sh. 

19 

7 

4 

Gr.J. 
Gr.  H. 

5 

M 

13 
5 

Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 

9 
9 

M 

Gr.J. 

3 

5 

5 

Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 

3 

2 

14 

48 

2 

Gr.  H. 

4 

6 

11 

Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 

6 

M 

5 
5 

Gr.  H. 
Gr.J. 

115 
14 

M 

J. 

7 

8 

5 

J. 

3 

1 

6 

J. 

5 

7 

5 

J. 

2 

11 

5 

J. 

3 

10 

5 

J. 

5 

2 

5 

J. 

4 

10 

5 

J. 

2 

11 

5 

J. 

2 

11 

5 

J. 

5 

0 

5 

J. 

3 

2 

6 

J. 

2 

0 

5 

J. 

1 

10 

6 

Gr.J. 

M 

5 

Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 

M 

4 

5 
5 

1 

Gr.J. 

4 

1 

5 

Gr.J. 

M 

5 

Milk, 
Lbs. 


Butter  Fat 


Ave.  %        Lbs 


26119 
21690 
16790 
17701 
14773 
16117 
16605 
15125 
14690 
14807 
14631 
12165 
18195 
13113 
15593 
12799 
11009 
10531 
11999 
11219 
12878 
12078 
11377 
12541 
9867 
10289 
8603 
9859 


12027 
8985 
9199 
8417 
9630 
7621 
7873 

8068 
8032 
9102 
7276 
5983 
5405 


9143 

7887 
8382 
7818 
7131 


3.06 
3.48 
4.11 
3.35 
3.67 
4.26 
3.92 
4.12 
3.99 
3.92 
3.88 
4.32 
2.87 
3.98 
3.30 
3.95 
4.49 
4.45 
3.88 
4.16 


5.14 
6.41 
5.53 
6.00 
5.22 
6.41 
5.98 

5.73 
5.25 
4.54 
5.52 
5.31 
4.98 


5.63 
5.61 
5.06 
5.35 
5.72 


Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


398.15 
754.04 
689.47 
592.33 
542.13 
685.92 
650.88 
623.18 
585.62 
581.15 
567.94 
525.59 
522.48 
521.42 
515.15 
505.34 
494.41 
468.13 
466.85 
466.48 
461.26 
454.39 
438.18 
424.18 
418.23 
409.36 
397.38 
366.22 


618.65 
575.84 
509.06 
505.05 
502.74 
488.44 
470.45 

462.27 
421.88 
412.93 
401.74 
317.43 
269.00 


514.96 
442.72 
424.44 
418.55 
408.13 


941.82b 

754.04 

792.89b 

621.94 

704.77 

685.922 

748.51 

716.66 

691.03 

581 . 152 

738.32 

604.43b9 

422. 482 

521.4233 

515.15 

581 . 14« 

494.4P 

468. 13« 

466. 85« 

466.48" 

544.29 

363.4415 

569.63 

458.11" 

418.231 

409. 36« 

397.39b 

366.22b" 


618.65 

679.49 

509.06 

626.26 

578.15b 

488.44" 

493.98 

600.95 

523.13 

412.9327 

474.05 

412.66 

349.70 


514.96 

442.7236 

458.40 

452.0338 

408.138 


Bulletin  351] 


CALIFORNIA   STATE   DAIRY    COW    COMPETITION 


235 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22 

(Continued) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


Clara 

Brindle r 

Edith 

Flora 

Sally 

Bertha 

Olga 

Helen 

Mabel 

Pauline 

Fred  Hartsook,  Lankershim 

Bessie  Snowball  DeK.,  301028  .. 
May  Altoona  Pontiac,  250073 .... 
Mutual  DeK.  Johanna,  227405.. 
Parthenia  Paul  S.  2d,  304004  .... 

Aegis  Tubie  Col.,  234953 

Miss  Aaggie  Ormsby  S.,  442877 

Athenia  Roderick  L.,  393226 

Miss  Aaggie  DeK.  M.,  304880  .. 
Annie  Langtry  DeK.,  263129  .... 
Parthenia  Champion,  369085  .... 

Fascination  DeK.  2d,  452331 

Junette  Heng.  Clothilde,  300225 

Dora  Netherland  S.,  278387 

Sarcastic  Blanche  Cir.  DeK., 

444841 

Ciruela  Caroline  W.  DeK., 

444843 

Rosamine's  Dora  Jeeke,  515279 
Viola  Canary  Segis,  253292 

Nate  Hauck,  Alton 

Brindle 

Brownie 

Red 

Slow 

Bally 

Nigger 

Speck 

Lily 

Chub 

Bird 

Beauty 

Ring 

Pet 

Strap 

June 

Sleepy 

Sister 


Breed 


Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.  J. 


Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 

Gr. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 

Gr. 
Gr.J. 

Gr. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 


Age 


Yr. 


Mo. 


Days  in 

Milk  at 

Milk, 

Beg.  of 

Lbs. 

Record 

5 

6745 

63 

6569 

5 

7130 

5 

6527 

5 

6989 

5 

7073 

7 

6074 

20 

6030 

5 

5282 

5 

5384 

7 

23544 

5 

22629 

5 

19038 

8 

21926 

5 

20188 

5 

22072 

5 

23087 

5 

19103 

7 

18085 

21 

16575 

5 

15798 

5 

18337 

5 

16458 

5 

16254 

5 

16858 

7 

13284 

5 

15061 

5 

12887 

5 

11093 

5 

10397 

5 

10359 

5 

13929 

5 

11954 

8 

11366 

5 

8272 

5 

8856 

5 

8690 

5 

8032 

5 

8046 

5 

8459 

5 

7564 

5 

6904 

5 

7256 

9 

5359 

Butter  Fat 


Ave.  %        Lbs 


6.02 
6.17 
5.51 
5.87 
5.14 
5.08 
5.88 
5.79 
6.46 
5.98 


3.30 
3.31 
3.69 
3.10 
3.29 
2.92 
2.77 
3.27 
3.18 
3.56 
3.45 
2.91 
3.23 

3.13 

3.02 
3.52 
2.62 


4.75 
5.25 
5.28 
5.26 
3.84 
4.48 
4.59 
5.69 
5.03 
5.05 
5.09 
4.89 
4.59 
5.10 
4.97 
4.62 
5.51 


406.25 
405.37 
393.21 
383 . 10 
359 . 56 
359.15 
357.26 
348.89 
340.99 
321.90 


777.62 
748.87 
702.77 
680.32 
664.28 
644.86 
640.09 
624.47 
575.28 
589.97 
545.79 
533.06 
531.51 

519.01 

509.93 
467.01 
394.02 


612.75 
581.95 
549.29 
544.94 
535.35 
535.00 
522.09 
470.01 
445.35 
438.81 
408.50 
393.33 
387.99 
384.60 
343.11 
334.94 
295.46 


Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


438 .  755° 
405.37b 
393.2151 
440. 5750 
413. 4937 
359 .  151" 
357.2615 
348. 8922 
422.8352 
379 . 84« 


839.83 

748.87b 

702.77 

680 . 32b 

664.28b 

799 . 63 

691.30 

674.43 

575.28 

589 . 97b 

627 .  65b26 

533.0653 

531.51 

596 .  86b5* 

550.72b 

607.11 

394.021 


612. 75« 

581.95 

631.6851 

626.68 

535.3512 

615.2521 

522.099 

540.5152 

445.351° 

438.8119 

408.50b53 

487. 73« 

481 .  105 

476.90" 

425.46B23 

415.3355 

295.4622 


236 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22 — 

(Continued) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


C.  D.  Hay  worth,  Modesto 

Duchess  of  Ransom,  338647 

Harriet  of  Rico  V.,  397324 

Lorna  of  Rico  V.,  360977 

Julie  of  Rico  V.,  404745 

Diploma's  Fancy  Polly,  338645.. 

Holly's  Dot,  397327 

Catharine  of  Rico  V.,  439085 


Chas.  F.  Holman,  Stockton 

No.  57 

No.  81 

No.  54 

No.  55 

No.  18. 


A.  B.  Humphrey  Co.,  Escalon 
Calla  Grove  Itchen  M.,  73356. 
Calla  Grove  Merry  M.,  85552.. 

Peter  Iversen,  Grizzly  Bluff 

Old  Jersey 

Red 

Marcella 

Poor 

Baby 

Yellow  Jersey 

Kicker 

Holstein 

Freddie 

Broken  Horn 

Toughy 

Holstein  Heifer 

Jersey  Heifer 

Old  Red 

Black  Jersey 


L.  A.  County  Farm,  Hondo 
Whittier  Pont.  Netherl.  4th, 

333324 

Whittier  Segis  Pont.  Mead, 

333323 

Sunland  Peerless  Tulip  K., 

141658 

Henrietta  Luecke  Col.,  459996. 

Princess 

Amador 

Trinity 

Blue  Bell 

Blossom 

Alameda 

Tuolumne 


Breed 


Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H, 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 


Gr.J. 
Gr.Sh. 

Gr.J. 

Gr.J. 

Gr.J. 

Gr.J. 

Gr.J. 
Gr.  H. 

Gr.J. 
Gr.  H. 

Gr.J. 
Gr.  H 

Gr.J. 
Gr.Sh 

Gr.J. 


H. 

H. 

H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 
Gr.  H 


Age 


Yr.        Mo 


10 


Days  in 
Milk  at 
Beg.  of 
Record 


52 

5 

103 

5 


Milk, 
Lbs. 


8834 
8604 
8153 
8020 
7705 
7363 
6031 


9817 
8980 
7085 
7883 
7216 


11456 
7221 


9701 
10457 
9475 
9522 
8734 
8739 
11133 
8928 
8138 
8855 
8991 
7841 
7381 
9138 
7964 


19431 

16088 

15455 
10944 
16143 
15468 
17376 
12663 
15804 
14101 
16785 


Butter  Fat 


Ave.  %        Lbs. 


5.04 
4.83 
5.09 
4.81 
4.56 
4.19 
4.76 


4.06 
4.19 
4.16 
3.69 
3.93 


5.13 

5.26 


5.95 
5.16 
5.47 
5.55 
5.84 
5.79 
4.48 
5.59 
5.60 
4.88 
4.72 
5.05 
5.26 
4.16 
4.60 


4.00 
3.48 

3.25 

3.23 
3.99 
3.82 
3.37 
4.37 
3.31 
3.60 
2.99 


Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


445.22 
415.27 
415.24 
385.77 
351.47 
308.69 
286.91 


398.17 
376.39 
295.00 
290.96 

283.75 


587.73 
379.70 


577.54 
539.81 
518.38 
517.15 
509.71 
505.88 
499.19 
498.94 
455.93 
432.43 
424 . 69 
396.18 
388.05 
379.79 
366.23 


559.44 


445.2229 

415.27b* 

415.24b22 

416.63b» 

351.473' 

324 . 13" 

338.553» 


398. 172 
432. 85« 
295.001 
290.961 
283 . 751 


675.89 
470.83b« 


577.54b 

539.81b 

518.3858 

594.7257 

586.17 

581.76 

499 . 19 

573.78 

524.32 

497.30 

488.39 

491.2622 

481.18 

379. 79 15 

366.2352 


777.04      839.20b 


604.20b 


502.33 

502.33B58 

353.49 

438.33B27 

644 . 57 

799.27 

591.33 

591.33 

584.94 

584.94b 

553.69 

553. 6923 

522.57 

647.98b 

507.09 

532.45b 

501.18 

501. 188 

BULLETIN   351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION 


23' 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22 — 

(Continued) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


Domino 

Orange 

Colusa 

Ventura 

Madera 

Beauty  Homestead 

Mariposa 

Shasta 

Solano 

Butte 

Placer 

Modoc 

J.  Henry  Meyer  Estate,  Watsonville 

Finlayston's  Annie  L.,  36968 

Bright  Eyes  of  Highl.,38116 

Substantial's  Patricia,  45501 

Willowmoor  Healthfl.  D.,  42931 
Baron's  Molly,  45502 

Guy  H.  Miller,  Modesto 

Gladys  of  Venadera,  293695 

Signora  of  Venadera,  314384 

Ila  of  Venadera,  359231 

Cameo  of  Venadera,  449223 

C.  L.  Mitchel,  El  Monte 

Blackeye 

Spoteye 

Teola 

Guernsey    

Dolly 

Napa  State  Hospital,  Imola 

Jefferson  Wayne  Boon,  236173... 

No.  651 

No.  760 

No.  663 

No.  786 

No.  370 

No.  797 

No.  791 

Palo  Alto  Stock  Farm,  Palo  Alto 
ThelmaHartog  S.DeK.  4th, 

315597 

Alta  Papoose,  412861 

Kiatta  Pont.  Pride,  426267 

Irene  Segis  Pontiac,  368762 

Alta  Joh.  Princess*,  294126 


Breed 

Age 

Days  in 
Milk  at 

Milk, 

Butter  Fat 

Beg.  of 

Lbs. 

Yr. 

Mo. 

Record 

Ave.  % 

Lbs. 

Gr.  H. 

4 

6 

5 

12780 

3.86 

493.14 

Gr.  H. 

2 

9 

6 

10696 

4.27 

457.14 

Gr.  H. 

3 

0 

12 

11791 

3.82 

450.53 

Gr.  H. 

5 

0 

5 

12173 

3.68 

448.18 

Gr.  H. 

4 

2 

9 

10326 

4.16 

429.81 

Gr.  H. 

4 

11 

5 

12549 

3.39 

427.94 

Gr.  H. 

3 

3 

6 

12947 

3.24 

419.37 

Gr.  H. 

3 

0 

6 

11249 

3.50 

393 . 37 

Gr.  H. 

10 

6 

10680 

3.65 

390.11 

Gr.  H. 

4 

2 

7 

10093 

3.85 

388.71 

Gr.  H. 

4 

1 

6 

10707 

3.40 

363.53 

Gr.  H. 

3 

3 

6 

8201 

3.83 

313.96 

Ay. 

8 

7 

5 

12175 

4.00 

487.05 

Ay. 

8 

2 

5 

11110 

3.98 

442 . 60 

Ay. 

5 

7 

5 

9134 

4.34 

396.25 

Ay. 

5 

4 

5 

8942 

3.85 

343 . 88 

Ay. 

5 

11 

5 

7443 

3.82 

283.95 

J. 

8 

4 

7 

7445 

6.40 

476.82 

J. 

8 

0 

6 

8326 

5.65 

470.48 

J. 

4 

6 

6 

7250 

6.00 

435.13 

J. 

2 

0 

5 

5262 

6.54 

344.11 

Gr 
Gr. 

7 
15 

10930 
8566 

3.94 
4.84 

430.10 
415.30 

Gr. 

14 

6870 

6.04 

414.81 

Gr.  G. 

44 

8480 

4.22 

358.01 

Gr. 

18 

6798 

4.43 

301.07 

H. 

7 

6 

7 

12090 

3.43 

414.65 

Gr.  H. 

9 

18484 

3.60 

666.11 

Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 

9 
14 
13 

8 

18876 
15558 
15863 
13516 

3.26 
3.59 
3.17 
3.39 

615.74 
560.05 
503.1/ 
458.04 

Gr.  H. 

11 

12615 

3.59 

452.62 

Gr.  H. 

7 

13821 

2.94 

405.88 

H. 

5 

7 

5 

23763 

3.32 

788.45 

H. 

4 

0 

5 

20834 

3.47 

720.99 

H. 

4 

2 

5 

25106 

2.83 

712.90 

H. 

4 

3 

5 

20608 

3.40 

701.39 

H. 

3 

11 

5 

13949 

3.67 

511.17 

*Died  August  9,  1921,  from  impaction  of  stomach. 


238 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22- 

(Contimied) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


F.  F.  Pellissier,  Whittier 

Princess  Tolia  W.,  303591 

Brudorin,  159707 

Mamie  Pontiac,  369151 

Miss  Pontiac  Model  Pr.,  501854.. 
Rosamine's  Mamie  S.  DeK., 

478307 

No.  2403 

No.  2479 

No.  2640 

No.  2065 

No.  2722 

No.  2373 

No.  1772 

No.  2416 

No.  921 

No.  1917 

No.  1910 

No.  1899 

No.  2150 

No.  2616 

No.  2589 

No.  1943 

No.  862 

No.  1946 

No.  1681 

No.  2620 

No.  2064 

No.  2642 

No.  2661 

No.  1492 

No.  2066 

No.  1989 

No.  2432 

M.  L.  Pontoni,  Areata 

Klamath 

Mabel 

Areata  Girl 

Mousie 

White  Tail 

Beauty 

Meschini 

Rolley 

Belle 

Margaret 

Berne 

H.  T.  Richards,  Denair 

Victor's  Lady  Queen  2d,  339736.... 

Teddy  R's  Silver  B„  382201 

Teddy  R's  Poppy  Girl,  337677.... 
Teddy  R's  Poppy  Girl  2d,  436347 
Victor's  Queen  N.  2d,  400132 


Breed 


H. 
H. 
H. 
H. 

H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 


Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr  J. 


Age 


Yr.        Mo 


Days  in 
Milk  at 
Beg.  of 
Record 


Milk, 
Lbs. 


17693 
17017 
13963 
13786 

10562 
16688 
19784 
15910 
13915 
15431 
12473 
16024 
14147 
12078 
13758 
13468 
13018 
14682 
13838 
12298 
12768 
10251 
13503 
14543 
13118 
11497 

8953 
10922 
10526 
10375 
10125 

9638 


11939 

11165 

10345 

11713 

10317 

9792 

11834 

10778 

8314 

9069 

9524 


10905 

10529 

9207 

8187 

7829 


Butter  Fat 


Ave.  %   Lbs 


3.55 
3.39 
3.92 
3.14 

3.95 
3.99 

3.18 
3.65 
4.01 
3.61- 
4.41 
3.39 
3.55 
4.08 
3.55 
3.62 
3.58 
3.17 


.33 

.72 

.57 

.41 

32 

.05 

3.11 

3.43 

4.29 

3.47 

3.37 

3.42 

3.31 

3.24 


52 

.69 

.98 

.25 

75 

.94 

.01 

4.39 

5.15 

4.62 

4.36 


5.48 
5.49 
6.06 
5.81 
5.92 


627.67 
577.16 
546.78 
433.38 

416.82 
666.57 
629 . 52 
580.72 
557.83 
557.24 
549.64 
542.56 
501.96 
493.01 
487.96 
487.41 
466.56 
465.14 
460 . 68 
457.98 
455.46 
452.47 
447.70 
444.05 
408.21 
394.14 
384.51 
377.76 
355.07 
354.85 
334.69 
312.13 


659.12 
523 . 63 
515.69 
498.08 
489 . 55 
483.99 
474.90 
473.77 
428.21 
418.77 
414.81 


597 . 20 
578.02 
558.07 
475.86 
463.34 


Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


627.67b 
577.16 
628.80 
563.39 

541.87b 

666.57b 

629.52 

580 .  72i5 

557.83 

557 . 24b 

549.64b 

542.56 

501.96 

493.01 

487.96b 

487.41b 

466.56 

465.14b 

598.88 

457.98b 

455.46b 

452.47b 

447.70b 

444.05 

530.67b 

394 . 14" 

499.86b 

377.76 

355. 07* 

354.85 

334. 6939 

312.13" 


659.12 
523 . 63« 
515.69 
498.08 
562.98 
556.59 
474.90 
473. 77» 
428.21 
481.59 
414. 819 


597.20 
578.02 
558.07 
618.62 
500.40 


BULLETIN    351]         CALIFORNIA   STATE   DAIRY    COW    COMPETITION 


239 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22 — 

(Continued) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


Gertie's  Son  Queen  3rd,  400129  .... 

Rioter  Lad's  Owl,  436343 

Lad's  Lark  of  St.  L.,  400133 

J.  D.  Rowe  &  Sons,  Lessees,  Davis 

Alma,  577635 

Greenhill  Caroline,  220996 

Louise,  234678 

Sarah  Westward,  835334 

Valley  Belle  6th,  775692 

Buttercup's  Beauty,  683621 

Carol,  576317 

Beggar  Maid's  Beauty,  775683.... 

Glenside  Fern,  152956 

Greenhill  Susan,  220999 

Roan  Maud  8th,  731895 

Island  Belle,  574072 

Betty  Clay,  775685 

Rose  Fairfield,  723630 

Olga  Saxer,  Modesto 

Moorland  Col.  Rose,  380984 

W.  Terkelsen,  Ferndale 

Christina 

Annie 

Laura 

Amy 

Lucy 

Ethel 

Edna 

Dinah 

Friday 

Lina 

Pale  Face 

Babe ". 

Monday 

Evelyn 

Yellow 

J.  E.  Thorpe,  Lockeford 

Silver  Pearl  of  M.,  375267 

Golden  Nehalem  Cowslip,  441262 

University  of  California,  Davis 

Cal.  Questa  Queen,  47988 

Ramona 

Cal.  Cherry,  44640 

H.  L.  Wakeham,  Santa  Ana 

Jim's  Wonder 

Tony's  Perfection 

Wild  Cow 


Age 

Days  in 
Milk  at 

Milk, 

Butter  Fat 

Breed 

Beg.  of 

Lbs. 

Yr. 

Mo. 

Record 

Ave.  % 

Lbs. 

J. 

4 

9 

6 

8254 

4.84 

399.92 

2 

7 

46 

5427 

6.68 

362.25 

J. 

4 

1 

10 

6274 

5.36 

336.01 

Sh. 

4 

6 

5 

10553 

3.95 

416.62 

Sh. 

6 

8 

5 

8359 

3.46 

289.17 

Sh. 

5 

9 

5 

6948 

3.84 

267.01 

Sh. 

2 

2 

5 

6166 

3.95 

243.71 

Sh. 

2 

3 

5 

5695 

3.94 

224.37 

Sh. 

3 

8 

5 

5086 

4.21 

214  18 

Sh.. 

4 

2 

7 

6378 

3.35 

213.57 

Sh. 

2 

6 

5 

5281 

3.95 

208.85 

Sh. 

8 

0 

5 

4966 

3.94 

195.60 

Sh. 

6 

8 

7 

5040 

3.78 

190.66 

Sh. 

3 

4 

5 

3965 

4.54 

180.11 

Sh. 

4 

7 

5 

4962 

3.52 

174.79 

Sh. 

2 

8 

5 

4690 

3.55 

166.80 

Sh. 

3 

3 

5 

3571 

3.68 

131.47 

H. 

3 

11 

5 

23587 

3.20 

753.75 

Gr.J. 

11 

0 

5 

10125 

5.24 

530.07 

Gr.J. 

4 

0 

5 

9557 

5.53 

528.26 

Gr.J. 

8 

0 

5 

10832 

4.86 

526.11 

Gr.J. 

9 

5 

8979 

5.84 

523.93 

Gr.J. 

4 

5 

9000 

5.04 

453.57 

Gr.  Sh. 

4 

5 

8310 

5.37 

446.46 

Gr.J. 

4 

5 

6842 

6.39 

436.96 

Gr.J. 

2 

3 

12 

7477 

5.28 

394.62 

Gr.J. 

8 

5 

6869 

5.65 

387.86 

Gr.J. 

13 

5 

7536 

5.11 

385 . 43 

Gr.  H. 

11 

2 

5 

10444 

3.63 

379.26 

Gr.J. 

3 

1 

5 

7189 

5.27 

378.70 

Gr.J. 

3 

5 

7072 

5.32 

376.54 

Gr.  H. 

11 

1 

5 

8053 

4.64 

373.71 

Gr.J. 

3 

5 

6067 

5.90 

358.17 

J. 

5 

7 

5 

8126 

5.96 

484 . 18 

J. 

3 

12 

6638 

4.59 

304.60 

G. 

7 

2 

5 

11580 

4.62 

535.10 

Gr.  H. 

6 

5 

15650 

3.41 

534 . 86 

Ay. 
Gr.J. 

4 

5 

9402 

3  30 

309  97 

5 

7 

5 

16939 

4.70 

795.53 

Gr.  H. 

4 

10 

5 

9887 

5.44 

537.65 

Gr.J. 

2 

11 

5 

8115 

6.37 

519.11 

240 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 


Ten-Month  Records,  California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition,  1920-22 — 

(Concluded) 


Owner  and  Name  of  Cow 


Jap 

Big  A 

Brown  Jersey 

R.  H.  Walrath,  El  Centra 

Minnie  El  Centro 

Guernsey 

Pansy  Brighton 

Rose 

Fern 

Amy  Brighton 

Jennie  Richards 

Tilly 

Anne 

G.  W.  Walter,  El  Monte 

Lucie 

Gaylord 

White  Heifer 

Warne  &  Sons,  Holtville 
Bessie  Abbekerk  Col.  2d,  364344  .. 

Bertha  Pont.  Jewel  2d,  358936 

Miss  Floa  Juliana,  373290 

Fayette  Segis,  244673 

Winsor  Ranch,  Bonita 

Mona's  Merry  Maiden,  356183.... 
Teresa 


Breed 


Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 
Gr.J. 


Gr.J. 
Gr.  G. 
Gr.  H. 

Gr.J. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  H. 
Gr.  Sh. 

Gr.J. 
Gr.  Sh. 


Gr. 
Gr. 
Gr. 


J. 
Gr.J. 


Yr. 


Mo. 


11 


Days  in 
Milk  at 
Beg.  of 
Record 


Milk, 
Lbs. 


10747 
8109 
9346 


13198 
9517 
11162 
11307 
9526 
9747 
8499 
7756 
6814 


12245 
6552 
7394 


16385 
13493 
13477 
12532 


8995 
9534 


Butter  Fat 


Ave.  %       Lbs 


4.61 
5.94 
4.70 


4.90 
5.17 
4.35 
3.86 
4.37 
4.15. 
4.32 
4.53 
4.55 


3.46 

5.87 
4.47 


3.07 
3.52 
3.41 
3.37 


5.40 
4.93 


495.17 
481.78 
439 . 65 


646.13 
492.46 
485.37 
435.92 
416.34 
404.47 
367.43 
351.26 
309.95 


423.73 
384 . 29 
330.34 


502.66 
474.70 
460.89 
421.97 


486.14 
470.03 


Credit 

for 

Butter  Fat, 

Lbs. 


495.17 

481.78" 

439.6528 


646.13 

492.46 

485.3716 

435.92 

416.34b 

525.81 

367.43 

351.2654 

309.9566 


423.73 

384. 292 
429.44 


542.88 
474.70 
530.02 
421.9763 


486.14 
470.03 


AWARD   OF  PRIZES    IN   THE   STATE   DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION,    1920-22 

I.  Herd  Prizes:  For  the  highest  production  of  butter  fat  by  ten  cows  in  a  herd 
during  ten  consecutive  months. 

Glass  1 — Jerseys  or  Guernseys 

Pounds  butter  fat 

Actual  Credit 

First  prize,  $200— H.  G.  Gross,  Eureka  (J.)  472.15  523.87 

Second  prize,  $150— J.  W.  Coppini,  Ferndale  (J.) 456.78  502.79 

Class  2 — Holsteins 

First  prize,  $200 — Fred  Hartsook,  Lankershim 589.07  634.89 

Second  prize,  $150— Burr  Farm,  Los  Angeles 527.96  599.88 

Class  4 — Grades  or  Cows  of  Unknown  Breeding 

First  prize,  $300— Earl  Graham,  Compton 555.39  642.01 

Second  prize,  $200— J.  A.  Genzoli,  Loleta 568.50  595.22 

Third  prize,  $100— Nate  Hauck,  Alton 513.27  563.53 


BULLETIN  351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION  241 

II.  Individual  Prizes:  For  the  highest  production  of  butterfat  by  a  cow  during 
ten  consecutive  months. 

Pounds  butter  fat 
Actual  Credit 

Class  5 — Jerseys  or  Guernseys 

First  prize,  $100 — H.  G.  Gross,  Eureka  (Lydia's  Val- 
entine, J.)    575.84         679.49 

Second  prize,  $75 — A.  B.  Humphrey,  Escalon   (Calla 

Grove  Itchen  May,  G.) 587.73         675.89 

Third  prize,  $50 — J.  W.  Coppini,  Ferndale   (Noble's 

Sayda    Polo,    J.)  652.27         652.27 

Fourth  prize,  $25 — H.   G.   Gross,  Eureka    (Raleigh's 

Echo  Girl,  J.) 505.05         626.26 

Class  6 — Holsteins 

First  prize,  $100 — Fred  Hartsook,  Lankershim,  Bessie 

Snowball  DeK.)    777.62         839.83 

Second  prize,  $75 — Fred  Hartsook,  Lankershim  (Miss 

Aaggie   Ormsby  Segis)  644.86         799.63 

Third    prize,     $50 — Palo     Alto     Stock    Farm     (Alta 

Papoose) 720.99         778.67 

Fourth  prize,  $25 — Anita  M.   Baldwin,    Santa   Anita 

(Anoakia  Walker  Pontiac)  620.94         769.97 

Class  7 — Ayrshires  or  Dairy  Shorthorns 

First  prize,  $100 — J.   Henry  Meyer  Estate,   Watson- 

ville   (Finlayston 's  Annie  L.,  Ay.)  487.05         487.05 

Second  prize,  $75 — J.  D.  Rowe  &  Sons,  Davis  (Alma, 

Sh.)   416.62        449.95 

Third  prize,   $50 — J.   Henry  Meyer   Estate,    Watson- 

ville    (Bright  Eyes  of  Highl.,  Ay.)  442.60         442.60 

Fourth  prize,  $25 — J.  Henry  Meyer  Estate,  Watson- 

ville    (Substantial's  Patricia,  Ay.)  396.25         396.25 

Class  8 — Grades  or  Cows  of  Unknown  Breeding 

First  prize,  $100 — L.  A.  Co.  Farm,  Hondo  (Prin- 
cess,   gr.    H.)  644.57         799.27 

Second    prize,    $75 — H.    L.    Wakeham,    Santa    Ana 

(Jim's  Wonder,   gr.   J.)  795.53         795.53 

Third    prize,    $50 — Earl    Graham,    Compton    (Tomie, 

gr.  H.) 650.88         748.51 

Fourth   prize,    $25 — Earl    Graham,    Compton    (Alice, 

gr.  H.)    567.94         738.32 

III.  Special  Prizes  of  Registered  Bulls  and  Dairy  Apparatus. 

Class  9 — Registered  Dairy  Bull  Calves — For  the  highest  average  production 
of  butter  fat  during  ten  consecutive  months  by  a  grade  or  common  dairy 
herd  of  less  than  25  cows:  Choice  of  a  Jersey  bull  calf  donated  by  Dr. 
H.  G.  Gross,  Eureka,  a  Guernsey  bull  calf  donated  by  A.  B.  Humphrey 
Co.,  Escalon,  and  a  Holstein  bull  calf  donated  by  Bridgford  Holstein 
Co.,  Patterson. 


242  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

Pounds  butter  fat 
Actual  Credit 

Nate  Hauck,  Alton 513.27         563.53 

P.  Iversen,  Grizzly  Bluff 475.85         535.53 

S.  J.  Damon,  Ferndale 377.56         432.10 

Class  10 — For  the  pure-bred  dairy  herd  having  the  largest  proportion  of 
completed  records  over  300  lbs.  butter  fat  for  ten  consecutive  months: 
1  Babcock  24-bottle  hand  tester,  donated  by  Creamery  Pkg.  Mfg.  Co., 
San  Francisco. 

Fred  Hartsook,  Lankershim 17  records 

IV.  Special  Cash  Prizes. 

Class  11 — California  Cultivator  Monthly  Prizes  of  $25  (or  a  silver  trophy 
of  equal  value)  for  the  highest  average  production  of  butter  fat  by  five 
grade  cows  in  a  herd  headed  by  a  purebred  sire,  Sept.  1920- Jan.  1922, 
won  by  the  following  dairymen: 

Av.  production 

of  butter  fat, 

pounds 

Sept.,  1920— Chas.  F.  Holman,  Stockton 69.38 

'83.26 
Oct.  and  Dec,  1920;  Feb.  and  Oct.,  1921— Earl  Graham, 
Compton    


Nov.,  1920,  and  Jan.,  1921— L.  A.  Co.  Farm,  Hondo 


75.93 
62.03 
57.73 
69.81 
78.45 


Mar.,  1921— F.  F.  Pellissier,  Whittier 75.70 

Apr.,  1921— J.  A.  Genzoli,  Loleta 83.04 


May  and  Aug.,  1920 — Eug.  Biondini,  Ferndale 


(82. 
71. 


26 

26 

74.93 

59.16 


June  and  Sept.,  1921 — Nate  Hauck,  Alton 

July,  1921— W.  Terkelsen,  Ferndale 66.16 

Nov.,  1921— W.  F.  Early,  Grizzly  Bluff  .. 48.12 

Dec,  1921— Peter  Iversen,  Grizzly  Bluff 48.62 

Jan.,  1922— M.  L.  Pontoni,  Areata 43.56 

Class  12 — For  the  largest  three  numbers  of  complete  ten-month  records  in 
herds  tested  by  Cow-Testing  Association  testers,  three  prizes: 
First  prize,  $100 — C.  A.  Casanova,  Ferndale,  Ferndale 

Cow-Testing  Association  107  records 

Second  prize,  $75 — L.  J.  Birge,  Los  Angeles,  L.  A.  Co. 

Cow-Testing  Association 83  records 

Third  prize,  $50 — Sam  H.  Moore,  Los  Angeles,  L.  A.  Co. 

Cow-Testing  Association   59  records 

V.  Trophies  and  Medals. 

Class  13 — For  the  highest  average  production  of  butterfat  for  one  year  by 
herds  belonging  to  a  cow-testing  association,  three  silver  cups,  offered 
by  the  Country  Life  Department  of  the  Sacramento  Bee,  Sacramento : 


BULLETIN   351]  CALIFORNIA  STATE  DAIRY   COW   COMPETITION  243 

Pounds 
No.  cows        butter  fat 

a.  Herd  of  less  than  25  cows — J.  W.  Coppini, 

Ferndale    11  494.39 

b.  Herd  of  26-50  cows— J.  A.  Genzoli,  Loleta  ....       45  444.57 

c.  Herd  of  50  cows  or  over — J.  D.  Early,  Grizzly 

Bluff 72  397.12 

Class  14 — For  the  highest  production  of  milk  during  ten  consecutive  months 

by  a  cow,  irrespective  of  her  breeding,  a  silver  trophy  donated  by  A.  W. 

Scott  Co.,  San  Francisco : 

Pounds  Pounds 

milk  butter  fat 

Earl  Graham,  Compton,  Princess  Maida  Vee- 

man,   467343,    H 26,119  798.15 

Class  15 — For  the  highest  records  of  (a)  a  registered  Jersey  cow  and  (b) 
by  ten  cows  in  a  grade  herd  sired  by  a  Jersey  bull,  two  cups  offered  by 
the  American  Jersey  Cattle  Club,  N.  Y.  City: 

a.  Highest  record  by  a  registered  Jersey  cow: 

Pounds  butter  fat 
Actual  Credit 

Bonnikson    Bros.,    Ferndale,    Financial    C's 

Loretta  D 689.97         689.97 

b.  Highest  average  record  by  ten  grade  Jerseys : 

Nate  Hauck,  Alton 513.27         563.53 

Class  16 — For  the  highest  record  by  a  registered  Guernsey  cow  and  by  ten 
cows  in  a  grade  herd  sired  by  a  Guernsey  bull,  two  trophies,  offered  by 
the  American  Guernsey  Cattle  Club,  Peterboro,  N.  H. : 

Pounds  butter  fat 
Actual  Credit 

a.  Highest  record  by  a  registered  Guernsey  cow : 

A.    B.    Humphrey,    Escalon,    Calla    Grove 

Itchen  May  587.73         675.89 

b.  Highest   average   record   by  ten   grade   Guern- 
seys: 

Adohr  Stock  Farms,  Van  Nuys 464.35         495.53 

Class  17 — For  the  highest  records  by  a  registered  Holstein  cow  and  by  ten 
cows  in  a  grade  herd  sired  by  a  registered  Holstein  bull,  two  silver  cups, 
offered  by  the  Holstein  Friesian  Association  of  America,  Brattleboro, 
Vt.: 

Pounds  butter  fat 
Actual  Credit 

a.  Highest  record  by  a  registered  Holstein  cow : 

Earl    Graham,    Compton,    Princess    Maida 

Veeman    798.15         941.82 

b.  Highest  average  record  by  ten  grade  Holsteins: 

Earl  Graham,   Compton 561.82         648.02 

Class  18 — For  the  highest  record  made  by  a  registered  Ayrshire  cow,  a  cup 
offered  by  the  Ayrshire  Breeders'  Association,  Brandon,  Vt. : 

Pounds  butter  fat 
Actual  Credit 

J.  Henry  Meyer  Estate,  Watsonville,  Finlayston's 

Annie  Laurie,  36968 487.05         487.05 


244  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION 

Class  19 — For  the  highest  record  by  a  registered  Shorthorn  cow,  a  silver 
trophy  offered  by  Alexander  and  Kellogg,  Suisun: 

Pounds  butter  fat 
Actual  Credit 

John    D.    Rowe    &    Sons,    Lessees,    Davis,    Alma, 

577635    416.62         449.95 

Class  20 — For  the  two  herds  having  the  largest  and  next  to  the  largest 
number  of  cows  producing  over  300  pounds  of  butter  fat  in  ten  consecu- 
tive months:  two  silver  trophies  offered  by  (a)  De  Laval  Dairy  Supply 
Co.,  San  Francisco,  and  (b)  California  Dairy  Council,  San  Francisco: 
a.  De  Laval  Separator  Co.  's  trophy : 

Adohr  Stock  Farms,  Van  Nuys 47  records 

fc.  California  Dairy  Council  trophy: 

Arden  Certified  Dairy,  El  Monte 36  records 

Class  21 — For  the  highest  average  production  of  butter  fat  by  a  grade  herd 
(not  less  than  four  cows),  all  daughters  of  a  single  pure-bred  sire,  a  silver 
trophy  offered  by  the  Pacific  Dairy  Review,  San  Francisco: 

Pounds  butter  fat 
Actual  Credit 

Nate    Hauck,    Alton,    eight    daughters    of    Chief 

Alton,   123772 479.20         508.26 

Class  22 — For  the  highest  production  of  butter  fat  by  a  Humboldt  County 
cow  (all  cows  winning  other  individual  prizes  in  the  contest  to  be  de- 
barred), three  cash  prizes  offered  by  the  Humboldt  County  Dairy  Farmers 
Association,  Ferndale: 

Pounds  butter  fat 
Actual  Credit 

First    prize,    $25 — J.    A.    Genzoli,    Loleta     (Jill, 

common)     660.49  660.49 

Second  prize,  $15 — L.  M.  Pontoni,  Areata  (Klam- 
ath, gr".  J.)  659.12  659.12 

Third  prize,  $10— Nate  Hauck,  Alton  (Red,  gr.)  ..  549.27  631.68 


STATION  PUBLICATIONS  AVAILABLE  FOE  FREE  DISTRIBUTION 


No. 

253.  Irrigation  and  Soil  Conditions  in  the 
Sierra  Nevada  Foothills,  California. 

261.  Melaxuma    of    the    Walnut,     "Juglans 

regia." 

262.  Citrus   Diseases   of   Florida   and   Cuba 

Compared  with  these  of  California. 

263.  Size  Grades  for  Ripe  Olives. 

268.   Growing  and  Grafting  Olive  Seedlings. 

270.  A  Comparison  of  Annual  Cropping,  Bi- 
ennial Cropping,  and  Green  Manures 
on  the  Yield  of  Wheat. 

273.  Preliminary  Report  on  Kearney  Vine- 
yard Experimental  Drain. 

275.  The  Cultivation  of  Belladonna  in  Cali- 

fornia. 

276.  The   Pomegranate. 

278.  Grain   Sorghums. 

279.  Irrigation  of  Rice  in  California. 

280.  Irrigation  of  Alfalfa  in  the  Sacramento 

Valley. 
283.  The  Olive  Insects  of  California. 

285.  The  Milk  Goat  in  California. 

286.  Commercial    Fertilizers. 

287.  Vinegar  from  Waste  Fruits. 
294.   Bean    Culture   in    California. 

297.  The  Almond  in  California. 

298.  Seedless  Raisin  Grapes. 

299.  The  Use  of  Lumber  on  California  Farms. 
304.  A  study  on  the  Effects  of  Freezes  on 

Citrus   in   California. 

308.  I.  Fumigation  with  Liquid  Hydrocyanic 
Acid.  II.  Physical  and  Chemical  Prop- 
erties of  Liquid  Hydrocyanic  Acid. 

310.   Plum  Pollination. 

312.  Mariout  Barley. 

313.  Pruning  Young   Deciduous  Fruit  Trees. 

316.  The   Kaki   or   Oriental   Persimmon. 

317.  Selections  of   Stocks  in  Citrus   Propa- 

gation. 
319.  Caprifigs  and  Caprification. 
321.   Commercial  Production  of  Grape  Syrup. 
324.   Storage  of  Perishable  Fruit  at  Freezing 

Temperatures. 


BULLETINS 

No. 
325. 


328. 
331. 
332. 
334. 

335. 

336. 

337. 
339. 

340. 

341. 
342. 
343. 
344. 

345. 

346. 
347. 

348. 
349. 

350. 
351. 
352. 

353. 
354. 
355. 
357. 


358. 


Rice  Irrigation  Measurements  and  Ex- 
periments in  Sacramento  Valley, 
1914-1919. 

Prune  Growing  in  California. 

Phylloxera-Resistant  Stocks. 

Walnut  Culture  in  California. 

Preliminary  Volume  Tables  for  Second- 
Growth  Redwoods. 

Cocoanut  Meal  as  a  Feed  for  Dairy 
Cows  and  Other  Livestock. 

The  Preparation  of  Nicotine  Dust  as 
an  Insecticide. 

Some  Factors  of  Dehydrater  Efficiency. 

The  Relative  Cost  of  Making  Logs  from 
Small    and    Large   Timber. 

Control  of  the  Pocket  Gopher  in  Cali- 
fornia. 

Studies  on  Irrigation  of  Citrus  Groves. 

Hog  Feeding  Experiments. 

Cheese  Pests  and  Their  Control. 

Cold  Storage  as  an  Aid  to  the  Market- 
ing of  Plums. 

Fertilizer  Experiments  with  Citrus 
Trees. 

Almond    Pollination. 

The  Control  of  Red  Spiders  in  Decidu- 
ous Orchards. 

Pruning  Young  Olive  Trees. 

A  Study  of  Sidedraft  and  Tractor 
Hitches. 

Agriculture  in  Cut-over  Redwood  Lands. 

California  State  Dairy  Cow  Competition. 

Further  Experiments  in  Plum  Pollina 
tion. 

Bovine  Infectious  Abortion. 

Results  of  Rice  Experiments  in   1922. 

The  Peach  Twig  Borer. 

A  Self-mixing  Dusting  Machine  for 
Applying  Dry  Insecticides  and 
Fungicides. 

Black  Measles,  Water  Berries,  and 
Related   Vine    Troubles. 


No. 
70.  Observations    on    the    Status    of    Corn 

Growing  in  California. 
82.  The  Common  Ground  Squirrel  of  Cali- 
fornia. 
87.  Alfalfa. 

110.  Green  Manuring  in  California. 

111.  The  Use  of  Lime  and  Gypsum  on  Cali- 

fornia Soils. 
113.  Correspondence  Courses  in  Agriculture. 

126.  Spraying  for  the  Grape  Leaf  Hopper. 

127.  House  Fumigation. 

136.  Melilotit8    indica    as    a    Green-Manure 

Crop  for  California. 
144.   Oidium  or  Powdery  Mildew  of  the  Vine. 
148.   "Lungworms." 

151.  Feeding  and  Management  of  Hogs. 

152.  Some  Observations  on  the  Bulk  Hand- 

ling of  Grain  in  California. 
155.   Bovine  Tuberculosis. 
157.  Control  of  the  Pear  Scab. 

159.  Agriculture  in  the  Imperial   Valley. 

160.  Lettuce  Growing  in  California. 

161.  Potatoes  in   California. 

165.  Fundamentals   of   Sugar   Beet  Culture 

under  California  Conditions. 

166.  The  Country  Farm   Bureau. 

167.  Feeding  Stuffs  of  Minor  Importance. 
169.  The   1918   Grain  Crop. 


CIRCULARS 

No. 
170. 


172. 
173. 

174. 
175. 

178. 
179. 

181. 

182. 

183. 
184. 
188. 
189. 
190. 
193. 
198. 
199. 
201. 
202. 

203. 
205. 


Fertilizing  California  Soils  for  the  1918 

Crop. 
Wheat  Culture. 
The    Construction    of    the    Wood-Hoop 

Silo. 
Farm   Drainage  Methods. 
Progress  Report  on  the  Marketing  and 

Distribution  of  Milk. 
The  Packing  of  Apples  in  California. 
Factors    of    Importance    in    Producing 

Milk  of  Low  Bacterial  Count. 
Control     of     the     California      Ground 

Squirrel. 
Extending  the  Area  of  Irrigated  Wheat 

in  California  for  1918. 
Infectious  Abortion  in  Cows. 
A  Flock  of  Sheep  on  the  Farm. 
Lambing  Sheds. 
Winter  Forage  Crops. 
Agriculture  Clubs   in   California. 
A  Study  of  Farm  Labor  in  California. 
Syrup  from  Sweet  Sorghum. 
Onion  Growing  in  California. 
Helpful  Hints  to   Hog  Raisers. 
County   Organizations   for   Rural   Fire 

Control. 
Peat  as  a  Manure  Substitute. 
Blackleg. 


CIRCULARS — Continued 


No. 
206. 
208. 

209. 
210. 
212. 
214. 

215. 
217. 

218. 

219. 
224. 


225. 
228. 
230. 

232. 

233. 
234. 

235. 

236. 


Jack  Cheese. 

Summary  of  the  Annual  Reports  of  the 
Farm  Advisors  of  California. 

The  Function  of  the  Farm  Bureau. 

Suggestions  to  the  Settler  in  California. 

Salvaging  Rain-Damaged  Prunes. 

Seed  Treatment  for  the  Prevention  of 
Cereal  Smuts. 

Feeding  Dairy  Cows  in  California. 

Methods  for  Marketing  Vegetables  in 
California. 

Advanced  Registry  Testing  of  Dairy 
Cows. 

The  Present  Status  of  Alkali. 

Control  of  the  Brown  Apricot  Scale 
and  the  Italian  Pear  Scale  on  Decid- 
uous Fruit  Trees. 

Propagation  of  Vines. 

Vineyard   Irrigation  in  Arid  Climates. 

Testing  Milk,  Cream,  and  Skim  Milk 
for  Butterfat. 

Harvesting  and  Handling  California 
Cherries  for  Eastern  Shipment. 

Artificial  Incubation. 

Winter  Injury  to  Young  Walnut  Trees 
during  1921-22. 

Soil  Analysis  and  Soil  and  Plant  Inter- 
relations. 

The  Common  Hawks  and  Owls  of  Cali- 
fornia from  the  Standpoint  of  the 
Rancher. 


No. 
237. 

238. 
239. 

240. 

241. 

242. 
244. 
245. 
246. 

247. 
248. 

249. 
250. 

251. 


252. 
253. 
254. 

255. 

256. 

257. 


Directions  for  the  Tanning  and  Dress- 
ing of  Furs. 

The  Apricot  in  California. 

Harvesting  and  Handling  Apricots  and 
Plums  for  Eastern  Shipment. 

Harvesting  and  Handling  Pears  for 
Eastern   Shipment. 

Harvesting  and  Handling  Peaches  for 
Eastern   Shipment. 

Poultry  Feeding. 

Central  Wire  Bracing  for  Fruit  Trees. 

Vine  Pruning  Systems. 

Desirable  Qualities  of  California  Bar- 
ley for  Export. 

Colonization  and  Rural  Development. 

Some  Common  Errors  in  Vine  Pruning 
and  Their  Remedies. 

Replacing  Missing  Vines. 

Measurement  of  Irrigation  Water  on 
the   Farm. 

Recommendations  Concerning  the  Com- 
mon Diseases  and  Parasites  of 
Poultry   in    California. 

Supports  for  Vines. 

Vineyard  Plans. 

The  Use  of  Artificial  Light  to  Increase 
Winter  Egg  Production. 

Leguminous  Plants  as  Organic  Fertil- 
izer in  California  Agriculture. 

The  Control  of  Wild  Morning  Glory. 

The  Small-Seeded  Horse  Bean. 


